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Link; Note/Important; Removed HTML
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Mandi Ohlinger
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@ -27,12 +27,12 @@ This event generates every time a new computer object is created.
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This event generates only on domain controllers.
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> **Note** For recommendations, see [Security Monitoring Recommendations](#security-monitoring-recommendations) for this event.
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<br clear="all">
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> [!NOTE]
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> For recommendations, see [Security Monitoring Recommendations](#security-monitoring-recommendations) for this event.
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***Event XML:***
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```
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```xml
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- <Event xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/win/2004/08/events/event">
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- <System>
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<Provider Name="Microsoft-Windows-Security-Auditing" Guid="{54849625-5478-4994-A5BA-3E3B0328C30D}" />
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@ -95,7 +95,8 @@ This event generates only on domain controllers.
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- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “create Computer object” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
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> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](/windows/access-protection/access-control/security-identifiers).
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> [!NOTE]
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> A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](/windows/access-protection/access-control/security-identifiers).
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- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “create Computer object” operation.
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@ -129,27 +130,28 @@ This event generates only on domain controllers.
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- **SAM Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: logon name for account used to support clients and servers from previous versions of Windows (pre-Windows 2000 logon name). The value of **sAMAccountName** attribute of new computer object. For example: WIN81$.
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- **Display Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: the value of **displayName** attribute of new computer object. It is a name displayed in the address book for a particular account (typically – user account). This is usually the combination of the user's first name, middle initial, and last name. For computer objects, it is optional, and typically is not set. You can change this attribute by using Active Directory Users and Computers, or through a script, for example. This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as “-”.
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- **Display Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: the value of **displayName** attribute of new computer object. It is a name displayed in the address book for a particular account (typically – user account). This is usually the combination of the user's first name, middle initial, and last name. For computer objects, it is optional, and typically is not set. You can change this attribute by using Active Directory Users and Computers, or through a script, for example. This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as `-`.
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- **User Principal Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: internet-style login name for the account, based on the Internet standard RFC 822. By convention this should map to the account's email name. This parameter contains the value of **userPrincipalName** attribute of new computer object. For computer objects, it is optional, and typically is not set. You can change this attribute by using Active Directory Users and Computers, or through a script, for example. This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as “-”.
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- **User Principal Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: internet-style login name for the account, based on the Internet standard RFC 822. By convention this should map to the account's email name. This parameter contains the value of **userPrincipalName** attribute of new computer object. For computer objects, it is optional, and typically is not set. You can change this attribute by using Active Directory Users and Computers, or through a script, for example. This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as `-`.
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- **Home Directory** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: user's home directory. If **homeDrive** attribute is set and specifies a drive letter, **homeDirectory** should be a UNC path. The path must be a network UNC of the form \\\\Server\\Share\\Directory. This parameter contains the value of **homeDirectory** attribute of new computer object. For computer objects, it is optional, and typically is not set. You can change this attribute by using Active Directory Users and Computers, or through a script, for example. This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as “-”.
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- **Home Directory** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: user's home directory. If **homeDrive** attribute is set and specifies a drive letter, **homeDirectory** should be a UNC path. The path must be a network UNC of the form \\\\Server\\Share\\Directory. This parameter contains the value of **homeDirectory** attribute of new computer object. For computer objects, it is optional, and typically is not set. You can change this attribute by using Active Directory Users and Computers, or through a script, for example. This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as `-`.
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- **Home Drive** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** specifies the drive letter to which to map the UNC path specified by **homeDirectory** account’s attribute. The drive letter must be specified in the form “DRIVE\_LETTER:”. For example – “H:”. This parameter contains the value of **homeDrive** attribute of new computer object. For computer objects, it is optional, and typically is not set. You can change this attribute by using Active Directory Users and Computers, or through a script, for example. This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as “-”.
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- **Home Drive** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** specifies the drive letter to which to map the UNC path specified by **homeDirectory** account’s attribute. The drive letter must be specified in the form `DRIVE\_LETTER:`. For example – `H:`. This parameter contains the value of **homeDrive** attribute of new computer object. For computer objects, it is optional, and typically is not set. You can change this attribute by using Active Directory Users and Computers, or through a script, for example. This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as `-`.
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- **Script Path** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** specifies the path of the account's logon script. This parameter contains the value of **scriptPath** attribute of new computer object. For computer objects, it is optional, and typically is not set. You can change this attribute by using Active Directory Users and Computers, or through a script, for example. This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as “-”.
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- **Script Path** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** specifies the path of the account's logon script. This parameter contains the value of **scriptPath** attribute of new computer object. For computer objects, it is optional, and typically is not set. You can change this attribute by using Active Directory Users and Computers, or through a script, for example. This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as `-`.
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- **Profile Path** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: specifies a path to the account's profile. This value can be a null string, a local absolute path, or a UNC path. This parameter contains the value of **profilePath** attribute of new computer object. For computer objects, it is optional, and typically is not set. You can change this attribute by using Active Directory Users and Computers, or through a script, for example. This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as “-”.
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- **Profile Path** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: specifies a path to the account's profile. This value can be a null string, a local absolute path, or a UNC path. This parameter contains the value of **profilePath** attribute of new computer object. For computer objects, it is optional, and typically is not set. You can change this attribute by using Active Directory Users and Computers, or through a script, for example. This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as `-`.
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- **User Workstations** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: contains the list of NetBIOS or DNS names of the computers from which the user can logon. Each computer name is separated by a comma. The name of a computer is the **sAMAccountName** property of a computer object. This parameter contains the value of **userWorkstations** attribute of new computer object. For computer objects, it is optional, and typically is not set. You can change this attribute by using Active Directory Users and Computers, or through a script, for example. This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as “-”.
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- **User Workstations** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: contains the list of NetBIOS or DNS names of the computers from which the user can logon. Each computer name is separated by a comma. The name of a computer is the **sAMAccountName** property of a computer object. This parameter contains the value of **userWorkstations** attribute of new computer object. For computer objects, it is optional, and typically is not set. You can change this attribute by using Active Directory Users and Computers, or through a script, for example. This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as `-`.
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- **Password Last Set** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** last time the account’s password was modified. For manually created computer account, using Active Directory Users and Computers snap-in, this field typically has value “**<never>”**. For computer account created during standard domain join procedure this field will contains time when computer object was created, because password creates during domain join procedure. For example: 8/12/2015 11:41:39 AM. This parameter contains the value of **pwdLastSet** attribute of new computer object.
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- **Password Last Set** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** last time the account’s password was modified. For manually created computer account, using Active Directory Users and Computers snap-in, this field typically has value `<never>`. For computer account created during standard domain join procedure this field will contains time when computer object was created, because password creates during domain join procedure. For example: 8/12/2015 11:41:39 AM. This parameter contains the value of **pwdLastSet** attribute of new computer object.
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- **Account Expires** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: the date when the account expires. This parameter contains the value of **accountExpires** attribute of new computer object. For computer objects, it is optional, and typically is not set. You can change this attribute by using Active Directory Users and Computers, or through a script, for example. This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as “-”.
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- **Account Expires** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: the date when the account expires. This parameter contains the value of **accountExpires** attribute of new computer object. For computer objects, it is optional, and typically is not set. You can change this attribute by using Active Directory Users and Computers, or through a script, for example. This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as `-`.
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- **Primary Group ID** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: Relative Identifier (RID) of computer’s object primary group.
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> **Note** **Relative identifier (RID)** is a variable length number that is assigned to objects at creation and becomes part of the object's Security Identifier (SID) that uniquely identifies an account or group within a domain.
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> [!NOTE]
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> **Relative identifier (RID)** is a variable length number that is assigned to objects at creation and becomes part of the object's Security Identifier (SID) that uniquely identifies an account or group within a domain.
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Typically, **Primary Group** field for new computer accounts has the following values:
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@ -159,15 +161,16 @@ Typically, **Primary Group** field for new computer accounts has the following v
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- 515 (Domain Computers) – for member servers and workstations.
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See this article </windows/security/identity-protection/access-control/security-identifiers> for more information. This parameter contains the value of **primaryGroupID** attribute of new computer object.
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See the [well-known security principals](/windows/security/identity-protection/access-control/security-identifiers) for more information. This parameter contains the value of **primaryGroupID** attribute of new computer object.
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<!-- -->
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- **AllowedToDelegateTo** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: the list of SPNs to which this account can present delegated credentials. Can be changed using Active Directory Users and Computers management console in **Delegation** tab of computer account. Typically it is set to “**-“** for new computer objects. This parameter contains the value of **AllowedToDelegateTo** attribute of new computer object. See description of **AllowedToDelegateTo** field for “[4742](event-4742.md): A computer account was changed” event for more details.
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- **AllowedToDelegateTo** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: the list of SPNs to which this account can present delegated credentials. Can be changed using Active Directory Users and Computers management console in **Delegation** tab of computer account. Typically it is set to `-` for new computer objects. This parameter contains the value of **AllowedToDelegateTo** attribute of new computer object. See description of **AllowedToDelegateTo** field for “[4742](event-4742.md): A computer account was changed” event for more details.
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> **Note** **Service Principal Name (SPN)** is the name by which a client uniquely identifies an instance of a service. If you install multiple instances of a service on computers throughout a forest, each instance must have its own SPN. A given service instance can have multiple SPNs if there are multiple names that clients might use for authentication. For example, an SPN always includes the name of the host computer on which the service instance is running, so a service instance might register an SPN for each name or alias of its host.
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> [!NOTE]
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> **Service Principal Name (SPN)** is the name by which a client uniquely identifies an instance of a service. If you install multiple instances of a service on computers throughout a forest, each instance must have its own SPN. A given service instance can have multiple SPNs if there are multiple names that clients might use for authentication. For example, an SPN always includes the name of the host computer on which the service instance is running, so a service instance might register an SPN for each name or alias of its host.
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- **Old UAC Value** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: specifies flags that control password, lockout, disable/enable, script, and other behavior for the user or computer account. **Old UAC value** always **“0x0”** for new computer accounts. This parameter contains the previous value of **userAccountControl** attribute of computer object.
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- **Old UAC Value** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: specifies flags that control password, lockout, disable/enable, script, and other behavior for the user or computer account. **Old UAC value** always `0x0` for new computer accounts. This parameter contains the previous value of **userAccountControl** attribute of computer object.
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- **New UAC Value** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: specifies flags that control password, lockout, disable/enable, script, and other behavior for the user or computer account. This parameter contains the value of **userAccountControl** attribute of new computer object.
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@ -201,10 +204,10 @@ Decoding:
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So this UAC flags value decodes to: LOCKOUT and SCRIPT
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- **User Account Control** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** shows the list of changes in **userAccountControl** attribute. You will see a line of text for each change. For new computer accounts, when the object for this account was created, the **userAccountControl** value was considered to be **“0x0”**, and then it was changed from **“0x0”** to the real value for the account's **userAccountControl** attribute. See possible values in the table below. In the “User Account Control field text” column, you can see the text that will be displayed in the **User Account Control** field in 4741 event.
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- **User Account Control** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** shows the list of changes in **userAccountControl** attribute. You will see a line of text for each change. For new computer accounts, when the object for this account was created, the **userAccountControl** value was considered to be `0x0`, and then it was changed from `0x0` to the real value for the account's **userAccountControl** attribute. See possible values in the table below. In the “User Account Control field text” column, you can see the text that will be displayed in the **User Account Control** field in 4741 event.
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| <span id="User_or_Computer_account_UAC_flags" class="anchor"></span>Flag Name | userAccountControl in hexadecimal | userAccountControl in decimal | Description | User Account Control field text |
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|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|-------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| SCRIPT | 0x0001 | 1 | The logon script will be run. | Changes of this flag do not show in 4741 events. |
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| ACCOUNTDISABLE | 0x0002 | 2 | The user account is disabled. | Account Disabled<br>Account Enabled |
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| Undeclared | 0x0004 | 4 | This flag is undeclared. | Changes of this flag do not show in 4741 events. |
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@ -231,15 +234,15 @@ So this UAC flags value decodes to: LOCKOUT and SCRIPT
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> <span id="_Ref433117054" class="anchor"></span>Table 7. User’s or Computer’s account UAC flags.
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- **User Parameters** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: if you change any setting using Active Directory Users and Computers management console in Dial-in tab of computer’s account properties, then you will see **<value changed, but not displayed>** in this field in “[4742](event-4742.md)(S): A computer account was changed.” This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as “-”.
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- **User Parameters** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: if you change any setting using Active Directory Users and Computers management console in Dial-in tab of computer’s account properties, then you will see `<value changed, but not displayed>` in this field in “[4742](event-4742.md)(S): A computer account was changed.” This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as `-`.
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- **SID History** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: contains previous SIDs used for the object if the object was moved from another domain. Whenever an object is moved from one domain to another, a new SID is created and becomes the objectSID. The previous SID is added to the **sIDHistory** property. This parameter contains the value of **sIDHistory** attribute of new computer object. This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as “-”.
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- **SID History** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: contains previous SIDs used for the object if the object was moved from another domain. Whenever an object is moved from one domain to another, a new SID is created and becomes the objectSID. The previous SID is added to the **sIDHistory** property. This parameter contains the value of **sIDHistory** attribute of new computer object. This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as `-`.
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- **Logon Hours** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: hours that the account is allowed to logon to the domain. The value of **logonHours** attribute of new computer object. For computer objects, it is optional, and typically is not set. You can change this attribute by using Active Directory Users and Computers, or through a script, for example. You will see **<value not set>** value for new created computer accounts in event 4741.
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- **Logon Hours** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: hours that the account is allowed to logon to the domain. The value of **logonHours** attribute of new computer object. For computer objects, it is optional, and typically is not set. You can change this attribute by using Active Directory Users and Computers, or through a script, for example. You will see `<value not set>` value for new created computer accounts in event 4741.
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- **DNS Host Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: name of computer account as registered in DNS. The value of **dNSHostName** attribute of new computer object. For manually created computer account objects this field has value “**-**“.
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- **DNS Host Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: name of computer account as registered in DNS. The value of **dNSHostName** attribute of new computer object. For manually created computer account objects this field has value `-`.
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- **Service Principal Names** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** The list of SPNs, registered for computer account. For new computer accounts it will typically contain HOST SPNs and RestrictedKrbHost SPNs. The value of **servicePrincipalName** attribute of new computer object. For manually created computer objects it is typically equals “**-**“. This is an example of **Service Principal Names** field for new domain joined workstation<b>:</b>
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- **Service Principal Names** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** The list of SPNs, registered for computer account. For new computer accounts it will typically contain HOST SPNs and RestrictedKrbHost SPNs. The value of **servicePrincipalName** attribute of new computer object. For manually created computer objects it is typically equals `-`. This is an example of **Service Principal Names** field for new domain joined workstation:
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HOST/Win81.contoso.local
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@ -251,10 +254,10 @@ So this UAC flags value decodes to: LOCKOUT and SCRIPT
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**Additional Information:**
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- **Privileges** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: the list of user privileges which were used during the operation, for example, SeBackupPrivilege. This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as “-”. See full list of user privileges in the table below:
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- **Privileges** \[Type = UnicodeString\]: the list of user privileges which were used during the operation, for example, SeBackupPrivilege. This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as `-`. See full list of user privileges in the table below:
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| Privilege Name | User Right Group Policy Name | Description |
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|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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|---|---|---|
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| SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege | Replace a process-level token | Required to assign the [*primary token*](/windows/win32/secgloss/p-gly#_security_primary_token_gly) of a process. <br>With this privilege, the user can initiate a process to replace the default token associated with a started subprocess. |
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| SeAuditPrivilege | Generate security audits | With this privilege, the user can add entries to the security log. |
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| SeBackupPrivilege | Back up files and directories | - Required to perform backup operations. <br>With this privilege, the user can bypass file and directory, registry, and other persistent object permissions for the purposes of backing up the system.<br>This privilege causes the system to grant all read access control to any file, regardless of the [*access control list*](/windows/win32/secgloss/a-gly#_security_access_control_list_gly) (ACL) specified for the file. Any access request other than read is still evaluated with the ACL. The following access rights are granted if this privilege is held:<br>READ\_CONTROL<br>ACCESS\_SYSTEM\_SECURITY<br>FILE\_GENERIC\_READ<br>FILE\_TRAVERSE |
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@ -297,27 +300,28 @@ So this UAC flags value decodes to: LOCKOUT and SCRIPT
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For 4741(S): A computer account was created.
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> **Important** For this event, also see [Appendix A: Security monitoring recommendations for many audit events](appendix-a-security-monitoring-recommendations-for-many-audit-events.md).
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> [!IMPORTANT]
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> For this event, also see [Appendix A: Security monitoring recommendations for many audit events](appendix-a-security-monitoring-recommendations-for-many-audit-events.md).
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- If your information security monitoring policy requires you to monitor computer account creation, monitor this event.
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- Consider whether to track the following fields and values:
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| **Field and value to track** | **Reason to track** |
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|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| **SAM Account Name**: empty or - | This field must contain the computer account name. If it is empty or **-**, it might indicate an anomaly. |
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|---|---|
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| **SAM Account Name**: empty or `-` | This field must contain the computer account name. If it is empty or **-**, it might indicate an anomaly. |
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| **Display Name** is not -<br>**User Principal Name** is not -<br>**Home Directory** is not -<br>**Home Drive** is not -<br>**Script Path** is not -<br>**Profile Path** is not -<br>**User Workstations** is not -<br>**AllowedToDelegateTo** is not - | Typically these fields are **-** for new computer accounts. Other values might indicate an anomaly and should be monitored. |
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| **Password Last Set** is **<never>** | This typically means this is a manually created computer account, which you might need to monitor. |
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| **Account Expires** is not **<never>** | Typically this field is **<never>** for new computer accounts. Other values might indicate an anomaly and should be monitored. |
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| **Password Last Set** is `<never>` | This typically means this is a manually created computer account, which you might need to monitor. |
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| **Account Expires** is not `<never>` | Typically this field is `<never>` for new computer accounts. Other values might indicate an anomaly and should be monitored. |
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| **Primary Group ID** is any value other than 515. | Typically, the **Primary Group ID** value is one of the following:<br>**516** for domain controllers<br>**521** for read only domain controllers (RODCs)<br>**515** for servers and workstations (domain computers)<br>If the **Primary Group ID** is 516 or 521, it is a new domain controller or RODC, and the event should be monitored.<br>If the value is not 516, 521, or 515, it is not a typical value and should be monitored. |
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| **Old UAC Value** is not 0x0 | Typically this field is **0x0** for new computer accounts. Other values might indicate an anomaly and should be monitored. |
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| **SID History** is not - | This field will always be set to - unless the account was migrated from another domain. |
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| **Logon Hours** value other than **<value not set>** | This should always be **<value not set>** for new computer accounts. |
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| **SID History** is not `-` | This field will always be set to - unless the account was migrated from another domain. |
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| **Logon Hours** value other than `<value not set>` | This should always be `<value not set>` for new computer accounts. |
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- Consider whether to track the following account control flags:
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| **User account control flag to track** | **Information about the flag** |
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|--------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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|---|---|
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| **'Encrypted Text Password Allowed'** – Enabled | Should not be set for computer accounts. By default, it will not be set, and it cannot be set in the account properties in Active Directory Users and Computers. |
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| **'Server Trust Account'** – Enabled | Should be enabled **only** for domain controllers. |
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| **'Don't Expire Password'** – Enabled | Should not be enabled for new computer accounts, because the password automatically changes every 30 days by default. For computer accounts, this flag cannot be set in the account properties in Active Directory Users and Computers. |
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