" -AsPlainText -Force) -EnableRoomMailboxAccount $true
```
- 
+ 
4. Various Exchange properties can be set on the device account to improve the meeting experience. You can see which properties need to be set in the [Exchange properties](exchange-properties-for-surface-hub-device-accounts.md) section.
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ Now that you're connected to the online services, you can finish setting up the
Set-CalendarProcessing -Identity $acctUpn -AddAdditionalResponse $true -AdditionalResponse "This is a room!"
```
- 
+ 
5. If you decide to have the password not expire, you can set that with PowerShell cmdlets too. See [Password management](password-management-for-surface-hub-device-accounts.md) for more information.
@@ -260,11 +260,11 @@ You can use the Exchange Admin Center to create a device account:
1. Sign in to your Exchange Admin Center using Exchange admin credentials.
2. Once you are at the Exchange Admin Center (EAC), navigate to **Recipients** in the left panel.
- 
+ 
3. On the controls above the list of mailboxess, choose **+** to create a new one, and provide a **Display name**, **Name**, and **User logon name**, and then click **Save**.
- 
+ 
### Create a mobile device mailbox policy from the Exchange Admin Center
@@ -274,37 +274,37 @@ You can use the Exchange Admin Center to create a device account:
1. Go to the Exchange Admin Center.
- 
+ 
2. To create a mobile device mailbox policy, click **Mobile** from the left panel, then **Mobile device mailbox policies**. Surface Hubs require an account with a mobile device mailbox policy that does not require a password, so if you already have an existing policy that matches this requirement, you can apply that policy to the account. Otherwise use the following steps to create a new one to be used only for Surface Hub device accounts.
- 
+ 
3. To create a new mobile device account mailbox policy, click the **+** button from the controls above the list of policies to add a new policy. For the name provide a name that will help you distinguish this policy from other device accounts (for example, *SurfaceHubDeviceMobilePolicy*). The policy must not be password-protected, so make sure **Require a Password** remains unchecked, then click **Save**.
- 
+ 
4. After you have created the new mobile device mailbox policy, go back to the Exchange Admin Center and you will see the new policy listed.
- 
+ 
5. To apply the ActiveSync policy without using PowerShell, you can do the following:
- In the EAC, click **Recipients** > **Mailboxes** and select a mailbox.
- 
+ 
- In the **Details** pane, scroll to **Phone and Voice Features** and click **View details** to display the **Mobile Device Details** screen.
- 
+ 
- The mobile device mailbox policy that’s currently assigned is displayed. To change the mobile device mailbox policy, click **Browse**.
- 
+ 
- Choose the appropriate mobile device mailbox policy from the list, click **OK** and then click **Save**.
- 
+ 
### Use PowerShell to configure the account
diff --git a/devices/surface-hub/create-and-test-a-device-account-surface-hub.md b/devices/surface-hub/create-and-test-a-device-account-surface-hub.md
index d63259487e..aeb2e566ac 100644
--- a/devices/surface-hub/create-and-test-a-device-account-surface-hub.md
+++ b/devices/surface-hub/create-and-test-a-device-account-surface-hub.md
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ You can check online for updated versions at [Surface Hub device account scripts
Your infrastructure will likely fall into one of three configurations. Which configuration you have will affect how you prepare for device setup.
-
+
- [Online deployment (Office 365)](online-deployment-surface-hub-device-accounts.md): Your organization’s environment is deployed entirely on Office 365.
- [On-premises deployment](on-premises-deployment-surface-hub-device-accounts.md): Your organization has servers that it controls, where Active Directory, Exchange, and Skype for Business (or Lync) are hosted.
diff --git a/devices/surface-hub/first-run-program-surface-hub.md b/devices/surface-hub/first-run-program-surface-hub.md
index da4eafbf85..449c447e5c 100644
--- a/devices/surface-hub/first-run-program-surface-hub.md
+++ b/devices/surface-hub/first-run-program-surface-hub.md
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ This is the first screen you'll see when you power up the Surface Hub for the fi
-
+
### Details
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ If no wired connection can be found, then the device will attempt to set up a wi
If your device does not detect a wired connection that it can use to connect to a network or the Internet, you will see this page. Here you can either connect to a wireless network, or skip making the network connection.
-
+
### Details
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ If you want to connect to a secured wireless network from this page, click on th
This page will be shown when you've selected a secured wireless network.
-
+
### Details
@@ -121,11 +121,11 @@ This page will be shown when the device detects a wired connection with limited
- You can select **Enter proxy settings** which will allow you to specify how to use the network proxy. You'll be taken to the next screen.
-
+
This is the screen you'll see if you clicked **Enter proxy settings** on the previous screen.
-
+
### Details
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ You can skip connecting to a network by selecting **Skip this step**. You'll be
This screen is purely informational, and shows which recommended settings have been enabled by default.
-
+
### Details
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ On this page, the Surface Hub will ask for credentials for the device account th
-
+
### Details
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ If you skip setting it up now, you can add a device account later by using the S
If you click **Skip setting up a device account**, the device will display a dialog box showing what will happen if the device doesn't have a device account. If you choose **Yes, skip this**, you will be sent to the [Name this device page](#name-this-device).
-
+
### What happens?
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ The device will use the UPN or DOMAIN\\User name and password for the device acc
This page will only be shown if there's a problem. Typically, it means that the device account that you provided was found in Active Directory (AD) or Azure Active Directory (Azure AD), but the Exchange server for the account was not discovered.
-
+
### Details
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ You can enable Exchange services for a device account later by using the Setting
If you click **Skip setting up Exchange services**, the device will display a dialog showing what will happen. If you choose **Yes, skip this**, then Exchange services will not be set up.
-
+
### What happens?
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ This page will be shown when:
- Exchange supported protocols are not supported by the Surface Hub.
- Exchange returns incorrect XML.
-
+
### Details
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ If you choose to skip this check, the Surface Hub will stop looking for the Exch
This page asks you to provide two names that will be used for identifying the Surface Hub.
-
+
### Details
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ Because every Surface Hub can be used by any number of authenticated employees,
-
+
### Details
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ Joining Azure AD has two primary benefits:
1. Some employees from your organization will be able to access the device as admins, and will be able to start the Settings app and configure the device. People that have admin permissions will be defined in your Azure AD subscription.
2. If your Azure AD is connected to a mobile device management (MDM) solution, the device will enroll with that MDM solution so you can apply policies and configuration.
-
+
### Details
@@ -357,11 +357,11 @@ The following input is required:
- **User's UPN:** The user principal name (UPN) of an account that can join Azure AD.
- **Password:** The password of the account you’re using to join Azure AD.
-
+
If you get to this point and don't have valid credentials for an Azure AD account, the device will allow you to continue by creating a local admin account. Click **Set up Windows with a local account instead**.
-
+
### What happens?
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ This page will ask for credentials to join a domain so that the Surface Hub can
Once the device has been domain joined, you must specify a security group from the domain you joined. This security group will be provisioned as administrators on the Surface Hub, and anyone from the security group can enter their domain credentials to access Settings.
-
+
### Details
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ The following input is required:
After the credentials are verified, you will be asked to type a security group name. This input is required.
-
+
### What happens?
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ If the join is successful, you'll see the **Enter a security group** page. When
If you decide not to use Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) or Active Directory (AD) to manage the Surface Hub, you'll need to create a local admin account.
-
+
### Details
diff --git a/devices/surface-hub/hybrid-deployment-surface-hub-device-accounts.md b/devices/surface-hub/hybrid-deployment-surface-hub-device-accounts.md
index fae114b8da..7d9bfa37be 100644
--- a/devices/surface-hub/hybrid-deployment-surface-hub-device-accounts.md
+++ b/devices/surface-hub/hybrid-deployment-surface-hub-device-accounts.md
@@ -21,17 +21,17 @@ Use this procedure if you use Exchange on-prem.
- In **Active Directory Users and Computers** AD tool, right-click on the folder or Organizational Unit that your Surface Hub accounts will be created in, click **New**, and **User**.
- Type the display name from the previous cmdlet into the **Full name** box, and the alias into the **User logon name** box. Click **Next**.
- 
+ 
- Type the password for this account. You'll need to retype it for verification. Make sure the **Password never expires** checkbox is the only option selected.
>**Important** Selecting **Password never expires** is a requirement for Skype for Business on the Surface Hub. Your domain rules may prohibit passwords that don't expire. If so, you'll need to create an exception for each Surface Hub device account.
- 
+ 
- Click **Finish** to create the account.
- 
+ 
2. After you've created the account, run a directory synchronization. When it's complete, go to the users page in your Office 365 admin center and verify that the account created in the previous steps has merged to online.
@@ -223,17 +223,17 @@ Use this procedure if you use Exchange online.
- In **Active Directory Users and Computers** AD tool, right-click on the folder or Organizational Unit that your Surface Hub accounts will be created in, click **New**, and **User**.
- Type the display name from the previous cmdlet into the **Full name** box, and the alias into the **User logon name** box. Click **Next**.
- 
+ 
- Type the password for this account. You'll need to retype it for verification. Make sure the **Password never expires** checkbox is the only option selected.
>**Important** Selecting **Password never expires** is a requirement for Skype for Business on the Surface Hub. Your domain rules may prohibit passwords that don't expire. If so, you'll need to create an exception for each Surface Hub device account.
- 
+ 
- Click **Finish** to create the account.
- 
+ 
6. Directory synchronization.
diff --git a/devices/surface-hub/manage-settings-with-mdm-for-surface-hub.md b/devices/surface-hub/manage-settings-with-mdm-for-surface-hub.md
index 061bfada43..5fe5d1931c 100644
--- a/devices/surface-hub/manage-settings-with-mdm-for-surface-hub.md
+++ b/devices/surface-hub/manage-settings-with-mdm-for-surface-hub.md
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ If you joined your Surface Hub to an Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) subscript
Alternatively, the device can be enrolled like any other Windows device by going to **Settings** > **Accounts** > **Work access**.
-
+
### Manage a device through MDM
diff --git a/devices/surface-hub/provisioning-packages-for-certificates-surface-hub.md b/devices/surface-hub/provisioning-packages-for-certificates-surface-hub.md
index f3ecf5f2d4..8dbaf9a681 100644
--- a/devices/surface-hub/provisioning-packages-for-certificates-surface-hub.md
+++ b/devices/surface-hub/provisioning-packages-for-certificates-surface-hub.md
@@ -58,9 +58,7 @@ In order to create and deploy provisioning packages, all of the following are re
### Install the Windows Imaging and Configuration Designer
1. The Windows Imaging and Configuration Designer (ICD) is installed as part of the Windows 10 ADK. The installer for the ADK can be downloaded from the [Microsoft Download Center](http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=718147).
- >**Note** The ADK must be installed on a separate PC, not on the Surface Hub.
-
-
+ >**Note** The ADK must be installed on a separate PC, not on the Surface Hub.
2. Run the installer, and set your preferences for installation. When asked what features you want to install, you will see a checklist like the one in the following figure. Note that **Windows Performance Toolkit** and **Windows Assessment Toolkit** should be unchecked, as they are not needed to run the ICD.
@@ -73,7 +71,7 @@ In order to create and deploy provisioning packages, all of the following are re
All four of these features are required to run the ICD and create a package for the Surfact Hub.
- 
+ 
3. Continue with the installer until the ADK is installed. This may take a while, because the installer downloads remote content.
@@ -83,29 +81,29 @@ This example will demonstrate how to create a provisioning package to install a
1. On the PC that had the Windows 10 ADK installed, open ICD and choose the **New provisioning package** tile from the main menu.
- 
+ 
2. When the **New project** dialog box opens, type whatever name you like in the **Name** box. The **Location** and **Description** boxes can also be filled at your discretion, though we recommend using the **Description** box to help you distinguish among multiple packages. Click **Next**.
- 
+ 
Select the settings that are **Common to all Windows editions**, and click **Next**.
- 
+ 
When asked to import a provisioning package, just click **Finish.**
- 
+ 
3. ICD's main screen will be displayed. This is where you create the provisioning package. In the **Available customizations** pane, expand **Runtime settings** and then expand **Certificates**. Click **Root certificates**.
- 
+ 
In the center pane, you’ll be asked to specify a **CertificateName** for the Root certificate. You can set this to whatever you want. For the example, we've used the same name as the project. Click **Add**, and an entry will be added in the left pane.
4. In the **Available customizations** pane on the left, a new category has appeared for **CertificatePath** underneath the **CertificateName** you provided. There’s also a red exclamation icon indicating that there is a required field that needs to be set. Click **CeritficatePath**.
- 
+ 
5. In the center pane, you’ll be asked to specify the path for the certificate. Enter the name of the .cer file that you want to deploy, either by typing or clicking **Browse**. It must be a root certificate. The provisioning package created will copy the .cer file into the package it creates.
diff --git a/devices/surface-hub/use-room-control-system-with-surface-hub.md b/devices/surface-hub/use-room-control-system-with-surface-hub.md
index 590099c5ec..79edc9e9a3 100644
--- a/devices/surface-hub/use-room-control-system-with-surface-hub.md
+++ b/devices/surface-hub/use-room-control-system-with-surface-hub.md
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ You can use a standard RJ-11 (6P6C) connector to connect the Surface Hub serial
This diagram shows the correct pinout used for an RJ-11 (6P6C) to DB9 cable.
-
+
## Command sets
diff --git a/devices/surface-hub/wireless-network-management-for-surface-hub.md b/devices/surface-hub/wireless-network-management-for-surface-hub.md
index c68b67eb32..a84ca0aa97 100644
--- a/devices/surface-hub/wireless-network-management-for-surface-hub.md
+++ b/devices/surface-hub/wireless-network-management-for-surface-hub.md
@@ -25,33 +25,33 @@ If a wired network connection is not available, the Surface Hub can use a wirele
1. On the Surface Hub, open **Settings** and enter your admin credentials.
2. Click **System**, and then click **Network & Internet**. Under **Wi-Fi**, choose an access point. If you want Surface Hub to automatically connect to this access point, click **Connect automatically**. Click **Connect**.
- 
+ 
3. If the network is secured, you'll be asked to enter the security key. Click **Next** to connect.
- 
+ 
### Review wireless settings
1. On the Surface Hub, open **Settings** and enter your admin credentials.
2. Click **System**, click **Network & Internet**, then **Wi-Fi**, and then click **Advanced options**.
- 
+ 
3. The system will show you the properties for the wireless network connection.
- 
+ 
### Review wired settings
1. On the Surface Hub, open **Settings** and enter your admin credentials.
2. Click **System**, click **Network & Internet**, then click on the network under Ethernet.
- 
+ 
3. The system will show you the properties for the wired network connection.
- 
+ 
## Related topics
diff --git a/devices/surface/TOC.md b/devices/surface/TOC.md
index 69a46fdc96..f3313d575d 100644
--- a/devices/surface/TOC.md
+++ b/devices/surface/TOC.md
@@ -13,4 +13,5 @@
### [Step by step: Surface Deployment Accelerator](step-by-step-surface-deployment-accelerator.md)
## [Surface Diagnostic Toolkit](surface-diagnostic-toolkit.md)
## [Surface Dock Updater](surface-dock-updater.md)
+## [Surface Enterprise Management Mode](surface-enterprise-management-mode.md)
diff --git a/devices/surface/images/surface-ent-mgmt-fig1-uefi-configurator.png b/devices/surface/images/surface-ent-mgmt-fig1-uefi-configurator.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7ed392d31d
Binary files /dev/null and b/devices/surface/images/surface-ent-mgmt-fig1-uefi-configurator.png differ
diff --git a/devices/surface/images/surface-ent-mgmt-fig2-securepackage.png b/devices/surface/images/surface-ent-mgmt-fig2-securepackage.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a1316359d3
Binary files /dev/null and b/devices/surface/images/surface-ent-mgmt-fig2-securepackage.png differ
diff --git a/devices/surface/images/surface-ent-mgmt-fig3-enabledisable.png b/devices/surface/images/surface-ent-mgmt-fig3-enabledisable.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..39b0c797e7
Binary files /dev/null and b/devices/surface/images/surface-ent-mgmt-fig3-enabledisable.png differ
diff --git a/devices/surface/images/surface-ent-mgmt-fig4-advancedsettings.png b/devices/surface/images/surface-ent-mgmt-fig4-advancedsettings.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..405e8c4d7e
Binary files /dev/null and b/devices/surface/images/surface-ent-mgmt-fig4-advancedsettings.png differ
diff --git a/devices/surface/images/surface-ent-mgmt-fig5-success.png b/devices/surface/images/surface-ent-mgmt-fig5-success.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..508f76533c
Binary files /dev/null and b/devices/surface/images/surface-ent-mgmt-fig5-success.png differ
diff --git a/devices/surface/images/surface-ent-mgmt-fig6-enrollconfirm.png b/devices/surface/images/surface-ent-mgmt-fig6-enrollconfirm.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..78126407fa
Binary files /dev/null and b/devices/surface/images/surface-ent-mgmt-fig6-enrollconfirm.png differ
diff --git a/devices/surface/images/surface-ent-mgmt-fig7-semmrecovery.png b/devices/surface/images/surface-ent-mgmt-fig7-semmrecovery.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5a3395e0ee
Binary files /dev/null and b/devices/surface/images/surface-ent-mgmt-fig7-semmrecovery.png differ
diff --git a/devices/surface/index.md b/devices/surface/index.md
index 19658afe3a..08b52df1e9 100644
--- a/devices/surface/index.md
+++ b/devices/surface/index.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
title: Surface (Surface)
-description: .
+description:
ms.assetid: 2a6aec85-b8e2-4784-8dc1-194ed5126a04
ms.prod: w10
ms.mktglfcycl: manage
@@ -86,6 +86,11 @@ For more information on planning for, deploying, and managing Surface devices in
[Surface Dock Updater](surface-dock-updater.md) |
Get a detailed walkthrough of Microsoft Surface Dock Updater. |
+
+[Surface Enterprise Management Mode](surface-enterprise-management-mode.md) |
+See how this feature of Surface devices with Surface UEFI allows you to secure and manage firmware settings within your organization.
+ |
+
diff --git a/devices/surface/surface-enterprise-management-mode.md b/devices/surface/surface-enterprise-management-mode.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..981d6dae06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/devices/surface/surface-enterprise-management-mode.md
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+---
+title: Surface Enterprise Management Mode (Surface)
+description: See how this feature of Surface devices with Surface UEFI helps you secure and manage firmware settings within your organization.
+keywords: uefi, configure, firmware, secure, semm
+ms.prod: w10
+ms.mktglfcycl: manage
+ms.pagetype: surface, devices, security
+ms.sitesec: library
+author: jobotto
+---
+
+# Microsoft Surface Enterprise Management Mode
+
+Microsoft Surface Enterprise Management Mode (SEMM) is a feature of Surface devices with Surface UEFI that allows you to secure and manage firmware settings within your organization. With SEMM, IT professionals can prepare configurations of UEFI settings and install them on a Surface device. In addition to the ability to configure UEFI settings, SEMM also uses a certificate to protect the configuration from unauthorized tampering or removal.
+
+>**Note**: SEMM is only available on devices with Surface UEFI firmware, such as Surface Pro 4 and Surface Book. For more information about Surface UEFI, see [Manage Surface UEFI Settings](https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/itpro/surface/manage-surface-uefi-settings).
+
+When Surface devices are configured by SEMM and secured with the SEMM certificate, they are considered *enrolled* in SEMM. When the SEMM certificate is removed and control of UEFI settings is returned to the user of the device, the Surface device is considered *unenrolled* in SEMM.
+
+## Microsoft Surface UEFI Configurator
+
+The primary workspace of SEMM is Microsoft Surface UEFI Configurator, as shown in Figure 1. Microsoft Surface UEFI Configurator is a tool that is used to create Windows Installer (.msi) packages that are used to enroll, configure, and unenroll SEMM on a Surface device. These packages contain a configuration file where the settings for UEFI are specified. SEMM packages also contain a certificate that is installed and stored in firmware and used to verify the signature of configuration files before UEFI settings are applied.
+
+
+
+*Figure 1. Microsoft Surface UEFI Configurator*
+
+>**Note**: Windows 10 is required to run Microsoft Surface UEFI Configurator
+
+You can use the Microsoft Surface UEFI Configurator tool in three modes:
+
+* [Surface UEFI Configuration Package](#configuration-package). Use this mode to create a Surface UEFI configuration package to enroll a Surface device in SEMM and to configure UEFI settings on enrolled devices.
+* [Surface UEFI Reset Package](#reset-package). Use this mode to unenroll a Surface device from SEMM.
+* [Surface UEFI Recovery Request](#recovery-request). Use this mode to respond to a recovery request to unenroll a Surface device from SEMM where a Reset Package operation is not successful.
+
+
+#### Download Microsoft Surface UEFI Configurator
+
+You can download Microsoft Surface UEFI Configurator from the [Surface Tools for IT](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=46703) page in the Microsoft Download Center.
+
+### Configuration package
+
+Surface UEFI configuration packages are the primary mechanism to implement and manage SEMM on Surface devices. These packages contain a configuration file of UEFI settings specified during creation of the package in Microsoft Surface UEFI Configurator and a certificate file, as shown in Figure 2. When a configuration package is run for the first time on a Surface device that is not already enrolled in SEMM, it provisions the certificate file in the device’s firmware and enrolls the device in SEMM. When enrolling a device in SEMM, you will be prompted to confirm the operation by providing the last two digits of the SEMM certificate thumbprint before the certificate file is stored and the enrollment can complete. This confirmation requires that a user be present at the device at the time of enrollment to perform the confirmation.
+
+
+
+*Figure 2. Secure a SEMM configuration package with a certificate*
+
+See the [Surface Enterprise Management Mode certificate requirements](#surface-enterprise-management-mode-certificate-requirements) section of this article for more information about the requirements for the SEMM certificate.
+
+>**Note**: You can also specify a UEFI password with SEMM that is required to view the **Security**, **Devices**, **Boot Configuration**, or **Enterprise Management** pages of Surface UEFI.
+
+After a device is enrolled in SEMM, the configuration file is read and the settings specified in the file are applied to UEFI. When you run a configuration package on a device that is already enrolled in SEMM, the signature of the configuration file is checked against the certificate that is stored in the device firmware. If the signature does not match, no changes are applied to the device.
+
+You can use Surface UEFI settings to enable or disable the operation of individual components, such as cameras, wireless communication, or docking USB port (as shown in Figure 3), and configure advanced settings (as shown in Figure 4).
+
+
+
+*Figure 3. Enable or disable devices in Surface UEFI with SEMM*
+
+
+
+*Figure 4. Configure advanced settings with SEMM*
+
+You can enable or disable the following devices with SEMM:
+
+* Docking USB Port
+* On-board Audio
+* Type Cover
+* Micro SD or SD Card Slots
+* Front Camera
+* Rear Camera
+* Infrared Camera, for Windows Hello
+* Bluetooth Only
+* Wi-Fi and Bluetooth
+* Trusted Platform Module (TPM)
+
+You can configure the following advanced settings with SEMM:
+
+* IPv6 support for PXE boot
+* Alternate boot order, where the Volume Down button and Power button can be pressed together during boot, to boot directly to a USB or Ethernet device
+* Lock the boot order to prevent changes
+* Support for booting to USB devices
+* Display of the Surface UEFI **Security** page
+* Display of the Surface UEFI **Devices** page
+* Display of the Surface UEFI **Boot** page
+
+>**Note**: When you create a SEMM configuration package, two characters are shown on the **Successful** page, as shown in Figure 5.
+
+
+
+*Figure 5. Display of the last two characters of the certificate thumbprint on the Successful page*
+
+These characters are the last two characters of the certificate thumbprint and should be written down or recorded. The characters are required to confirm enrollment in SEMM on a Surface device, as shown in Figure 6.
+
+
+
+*Figure 6. Enrollment confirmation in SEMM with the SEMM certificate thumbprint*
+
+To enroll a Surface device in SEMM or to apply the UEFI configuration from a configuration package, all you need to do is run the .msi file on the intended Surface device. You can use application deployment or operating system deployment technologies such as [System Center Configuration Manager](https://technet.microsoft.com/library/mt346023) or the [Microsoft Deployment Toolkit](https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/dn475741). When you enroll a device in SEMM you must be present to confirm the enrollment on the device. User interaction is not required when you apply a configuration to devices that are already enrolled in SEMM.
+
+### Reset package
+
+A Surface UEFI reset package is used to perform only one task — to unenroll a Surface device from SEMM. The reset package contains signed instructions to remove the SEMM certificate from the device’s firmware and to reset UEFI settings to factory default. Like a Surface UEFI configuration package, a reset package must be signed with the same SEMM certificate that is provisioned on the Surface device. When you create a SEMM reset package, you are required to supply the serial number of the Surface device you intend to reset. SEMM reset packages are not universal and are specific to one device.
+
+### Recovery request
+
+In some scenarios, it may be impossible to use a Surface UEFI reset package. (For example, if Windows becomes unusable on the Surface device.) In these scenarios you can unenroll the Surface device from SEMM through the **Enterprise Management** page of Surface UEFI (shown in Figure 7) with a Recovery Request operation.
+
+
+
+*Figure 7. Initiate a SEMM recovery request on the Enterprise Management page*
+
+When you use the process on the **Enterprise Management** page to reset SEMM on a Surface device, you are provided with a Reset Request. This Reset Request can be saved as a file to a USB drive, copied as text, or read as a QR Code with a mobile device to be easily emailed or messaged. Use the Microsoft Surface UEFI Configurator Reset Request option to load a Reset Request file or enter the Reset Request text or QR Code. Microsoft Surface UEFI Configurator will generate a verification code that can be entered on the Surface device. If you enter the code on the Surface device and click **Restart**, the device will be unenrolled from SEMM.
+
+>**Note**: A Reset Request expires two hours after it is created.
+
+## Surface Enterprise Management Mode certificate requirements
+
+>**Note**: The SEMM certificate is required to perform any modification to SEMM or Surface UEFI settings on enrolled Surface devices. If the SEMM certificate is corrupted or lost, SEMM cannot be removed or reset. Manage your SEMM certificate accordingly with an appropriate solution for backup and recovery.
+
+Packages created with the Microsoft Surface UEFI Configurator tool are signed with a certificate. This certificate ensures that after a device is enrolled in SEMM, only packages created with the approved certificate can be used to modify the settings of UEFI. The following settings are recommended for the SEMM certificate:
+
+* **Key Algorithm** – RSA
+* **Key Length** – 2048
+* **Hash Algorithm** – SHA-256
+* **Type** – SSL Server Authentication
+* **Key Usage** – Key Encipherment
+* **Provider** – Microsoft Enhanced RSA and AES Cryptographic Provider
+* **Expiration Date** – 15 Months from certificate creation
+* **Key Export Policy** – Exportable
+
+It is also recommended that the SEMM certificate be authenticated in a two-tier public key infrastructure (PKI) architecture where the intermediate certification authority (CA) is dedicated to SEMM, enabling certificate revocation. For more information about a two-tier PKI configuration, see [Test Lab Guide: Deploying an AD CS Two-Tier PKI Hierarchy](https://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh831348).
+
+>**Note**: You can use the following PowerShell script to create a self-signed certificate for use in proof-of-concept scenarios.
+ To use this script, copy the following text into Notepad and save the file as a PowerShell script (.ps1). This script creates a certificate with a password of `12345678`.
The certificate generated by this script is not recommended for production environments.
+
+ ```
+if (-not (Test-Path "Demo Certificate")) { New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path "Demo Certificate" }
+if (Test-Path "Demo Certificate\TempOwner.pfx") { Remove-Item "Demo Certificate\TempOwner.pfx" }
+
+# Generate the Ownership private signing key with password 12345678
+$pw = ConvertTo-SecureString "12345678" -AsPlainText -Force
+
+$TestUefiV2 = New-SelfSignedCertificate `
+ -Subject "CN=Surface Demo Kit, O=Contoso Corporation, C=US" `
+ -Type SSLServerAuthentication `
+ -HashAlgorithm sha256 `
+ -KeyAlgorithm RSA `
+ -KeyLength 2048 `
+ -KeyUsage KeyEncipherment `
+ -KeyUsageProperty All `
+ -Provider "Microsoft Enhanced RSA and AES Cryptographic Provider" `
+ -NotAfter (Get-Date).AddYears(25) `
+ -TextExtension @("2.5.29.37={text}1.2.840.113549.1.1.1") `
+ -KeyExportPolicy Exportable
+
+$TestUefiV2 | Export-PfxCertificate -Password $pw -FilePath "Demo Certificate\TempOwner.pfx"
+ ```
+
+For use with SEMM and Microsoft Surface UEFI Configurator, the certificate must be exported with the private key and with password protection. Microsoft Surface UEFI Configurator will prompt you to select the SEMM certificate file (.pfx) and certificate password when it is required.
+
+>**Note**: For organizations that use an offline root in their PKI infrastructure, Microsoft Surface UEFI Configurator must be run in an environment connected to the root CA to authenticate the SEMM certificate. The packages generated by Microsoft Surface UEFI Configurator can be transferred as files and therefore can be transferred outside the offline network environment with removable storage, such as a USB stick.
diff --git a/windows/deploy/TOC.md b/windows/deploy/TOC.md
index ff58491fd1..a6d2e9d108 100644
--- a/windows/deploy/TOC.md
+++ b/windows/deploy/TOC.md
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
## [Upgrade to Windows 10 with the Microsoft Deployment Toolkit](upgrade-to-windows-10-with-the-microsoft-deployment-toolkit.md)
## [Upgrade to Windows 10 with System Center Configuration Manager](upgrade-to-windows-10-with-system-center-configuraton-manager.md)
## [Configure a PXE server to load Windows PE](configure-a-pxe-server-to-load-windows-pe.md)
+## [Windows 10 upgrade paths](windows-10-upgrade-paths.md)
## [Windows 10 edition upgrade](windows-10-edition-upgrades.md)
## [Deploy Windows To Go in your organization](deploy-windows-to-go.md)
## [Update Windows 10 images with provisioning packages](update-windows-10-images-with-provisioning-packages.md)
diff --git a/windows/deploy/change-history-for-deploy-windows-10.md b/windows/deploy/change-history-for-deploy-windows-10.md
index ce380b474a..3276e429b0 100644
--- a/windows/deploy/change-history-for-deploy-windows-10.md
+++ b/windows/deploy/change-history-for-deploy-windows-10.md
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ This topic lists new and updated topics in the [Deploy Windows 10](index.md) doc
| New or changed topic | Description |
|----------------------|-------------|
| [Configure a PXE server to load Windows PE](configure-a-pxe-server-to-load-windows-pe.md) | New |
-| [User State Migration Tool Technical Reference](usmt-technical-reference.md) | Updated |
+| [User State Migration Tool Technical Reference](usmt-technical-reference.md) | Updated support statement for Office 2016 |
+| [Windows 10 upgrade paths](windows-10-upgrade-paths.md) | New |
## May 2016
| New or changed topic | Description |
diff --git a/windows/deploy/images/check_grn.png b/windows/deploy/images/check_grn.png
new file mode 100644
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diff --git a/windows/deploy/images/hyper-v-feature.png b/windows/deploy/images/hyper-v-feature.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d7293d808e
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diff --git a/windows/deploy/images/sec-bios.png b/windows/deploy/images/sec-bios.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4498497d59
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diff --git a/windows/deploy/images/x_blk.png b/windows/deploy/images/x_blk.png
new file mode 100644
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diff --git a/windows/deploy/index.md b/windows/deploy/index.md
index c6b8e27ed1..d4254111b1 100644
--- a/windows/deploy/index.md
+++ b/windows/deploy/index.md
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ Learn about deploying Windows 10 for IT professionals.
|[Upgrade to Windows 10 with System Center Configuration Manager](upgrade-to-windows-10-with-system-center-configuraton-manager.md) |The simplest path to upgrade PCs currently running Windows 7, Windows 8, or Windows 8.1 to Windows 10 is through an in-place upgrade. You can use a System Center Configuration Manager task sequence to completely automate the process. |
|[Configure a PXE server to load Windows PE](configure-a-pxe-server-to-load-windows-pe.md) |This guide describes how to configure a PXE server to load Windows PE by booting a client computer from the network. |
|[Windows 10 edition upgrade](windows-10-edition-upgrades.md) |With Windows 10, you can quickly upgrade from one edition of Windows 10 to another, provided the upgrade path is supported. |
+|[Windows 10 upgrade paths](windows-10-upgrade-paths.md) |You can upgrade directly to Windows 10 from a previous operating system. |
|[Deploy Windows To Go in your organization](deploy-windows-to-go.md) |This topic helps you to deploy Windows To Go in your organization. Before you begin deployment, make sure that you have reviewed the topics [Windows To Go: feature overview](../plan/windows-to-go-overview.md) and [Prepare your organization for Windows To Go](../plan/prepare-your-organization-for-windows-to-go.md) to ensure that you have the correct hardware and are prepared to complete the deployment. You can then use the steps in this topic to start your Windows To Go deployment. |
|[Update Windows 10 images with provisioning packages](update-windows-10-images-with-provisioning-packages.md) |Use a provisioning package to apply settings, profiles, and file assets to a Windows 10 image. |
|[Upgrade a Windows Phone 8.1 to Windows 10 Mobile with Mobile Device Management](upgrade-windows-phone-8-1-to-10.md) |This topic describes how to upgrade eligible Windows Phone 8.1 devices to Windows 10 Mobile. |
diff --git a/windows/deploy/windows-10-edition-upgrades.md b/windows/deploy/windows-10-edition-upgrades.md
index 8b20a8f77c..cbc6ee73c5 100644
--- a/windows/deploy/windows-10-edition-upgrades.md
+++ b/windows/deploy/windows-10-edition-upgrades.md
@@ -15,17 +15,17 @@ author: greg-lindsay
- Windows 10
- Windows 10 Mobile
-With Windows 10, you can quickly upgrade from one edition of Windows 10 to another, provided the upgrade path is supported. For information on what edition of Windows 10 is right for you, see [Compare Windows 10 Editions](http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkID=690882).
+With Windows 10, you can quickly upgrade from one edition of Windows 10 to another, provided the upgrade path is supported. For information on what edition of Windows 10 is right for you, see [Compare Windows 10 Editions](http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkID=690882). For a comprehensive list of all possible upgrade paths to Windows 10, see [Windows 10 upgrade paths](windows-10-upgrade-paths.md).
-The following table shows the methods you can use to upgrade editions of Windows 10.
+The following table shows the methods and paths available to change the edition of Windows 10 that is running on your computer.
|Method |Home > Pro |Home > Education |Pro > Education |Pro > Enterprise |Ent > Education |Mobile > Mobile Enterprise |
|-------|-----------|-----------------|----------------|-----------------|----------------|--------|
-| Using mobile device management (MDM) | | | | | | |
-| Using a provisioning package | | | | | | |
-| Using a command-line tool | | | | | | |
-| Entering a product key manually | | | | | | |
-| Purchasing a license from the Windows Store | | | | | | |
+| Using mobile device management (MDM) | | | | | | |
+| Using a provisioning package | | | | | | |
+| Using a command-line tool | | | | | | |
+| Entering a product key manually | | | | | | |
+| Purchasing a license from the Windows Store | | | | | | |
**Note**
Each desktop edition in the table also has an N and KN edition. These editions have had media-related functionality removed. Devices with N or KN editions installed can be upgraded to corresponding N or KN editions using the same methods.
diff --git a/windows/deploy/windows-10-upgrade-paths.md b/windows/deploy/windows-10-upgrade-paths.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3d7f0d96e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/windows/deploy/windows-10-upgrade-paths.md
@@ -0,0 +1,416 @@
+---
+title: Windows 10 upgrade paths (Windows 10)
+description: You can upgrade to Windows 10 from a previous version of Windows, providing the upgrade path is supported.
+ms.prod: w10
+ms.mktglfcycl: deploy
+ms.sitesec: library
+ms.pagetype: mobile
+author: greg-lindsay
+---
+
+# Windows 10 upgrade paths
+**Applies to**
+
+- Windows 10
+- Windows 10 Mobile
+
+## Upgrade paths
+
+This topic provides a summary of available upgrade paths to Windows 10. You can upgrade to Windows 10 from Windows 7 or a later operating system. This includes upgrading from one release of Windows 10 to later release of Windows 10. Migrating from one edition of Windows 10 to a different edition of the same release is also supported. For more information about migrating to a different edition of Windows 10, see [Windows 10 edition upgrade](windows-10-edition-upgrades.md).
+
+>**Windows N/KN**: Windows "N" and "KN" editions follow the same upgrade paths shown below. If the pre-upgrade and post-upgrade editions are not the same type (e.g. Windows 8.1 Pro N to Windows 10 Pro), personal data will be kept but applications and settings will be removed during the upgrade process.
+
+>**Free upgrade**: Some upgrade paths qualify for a free upgrade using Windows Update. For a list of upgrade paths that are available as part of the free upgrade offer, see [Free upgrade paths](#Free-upgrade-paths).
+
+✔ = Full upgrade is supported including personal data, settings, and applications.
+D = Edition downgrade; personal data is maintained, applications and settings are removed.
+
+
+
+ | |
+ |
+ Windows 10 Home |
+ Windows 10 Pro |
+ Windows 10 Pro for Education |
+ Windows 10 Education |
+ Windows 10 Enterprise |
+ Windows 10 Mobile |
+ Windows 10 Mobile Enterprise |
+
+
+ | Windows 7 |
+
+
+ | Starter |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Home Basic |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Home Premium |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Professional |
+ D |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Ultimate |
+ D |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Enterprise |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Windows 8 |
+
+
+ | (Core) |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Professional |
+ D |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Professional WMC |
+ D |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Enterprise |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Embedded Industry |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Windows RT |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Windows Phone 8 |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Windows 8.1 |
+
+
+ | (Core) |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Connected |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Professional |
+ D |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Professional Student |
+ D |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Professional WMC |
+ D |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Enterprise |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Embedded Industry |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Windows RT |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Windows Phone 8.1 |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Windows 10 |
+
+
+ | Home |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Professional |
+ D |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Education |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ ✔ |
+ D |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Enterprise |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+ |
+ |
+
+
+ | Mobile |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ ✔ |
+ ✔ |
+
+
+ | Mobile Enterprise |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ D |
+ ✔ |
+
+
+
+## Free upgrade paths
+
+Windows 10 is offered as a free upgrade for the first year after launch of Windows 10, with the following restrictions:
+- The offer expires on July 29th, 2016.
+- The offer applies to devices connected to the Internet with Windows Update enabled.
+- Upgrading to Windows 10 Pro requires a computer running the Pro or Ultimate version of Windows 7/8/8.1.
+- Windows Phone 8.0 users must update to Windows 8.1 before upgrading to Windows 10 Mobile1.
+- Editions that are excluded from the free upgrade offer include: Windows 7 Enterprise, Windows 8/8.1 Enterprise, and Windows RT/RT 8.12.
+
+>1The availability of Windows 10 Mobile for Windows 8.1 devices will vary by device manufacturer, device model, country or region, mobile operator or service provider, hardware limitations, and other factors. For a list of eligible phones and important info about the upgrade and Windows 10 Mobile, see [Windows 10 specifications](http://windows.com/specsmobile).
+
+>2Active Software Assurance customers in volume licensing have the benefit to upgrade to Windows 10 Enterprise outside of this offer. Windows 10 is not supported on devices running the RT versions of Windows 8.
+
+The following table summarizes the free upgrade paths to Windows 10. For a list of frequently asked questions about the free upgrade to Windows 10, see [Upgrade to Windows 10: FAQ](http://windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-10/upgrade-to-windows-10-faq).
+
+
+
+ | |
+ From |
+ To |
+
+
+ | Windows 7 |
+
+
+ |
+ Windows 7 Starter |
+ Windows 10 Home |
+
+
+ | |
+ Windows 7 Home Basic |
+
+
+ | |
+ Windows 7 Home Premium |
+
+
+ |
+ Windows 7 Professional |
+ Windows 10 Pro |
+
+
+ | |
+ Windows 7 Ultimate |
+
+
+ | Windows 8/8.1 |
+
+
+ |
+ Windows Phone 8.1 |
+ Windows 10 Mobile |
+
+
+ |
+ Windows 8/8.1 |
+ Windows 10 Home |
+
+
+ |
+ Windows 8/8.1 Pro |
+ Windows 10 Pro |
+
+
+ | |
+ Windows 8/8.1 Pro for Students |
+
+
+
+
+## Related Topics
+
+[Windows 10 deployment scenarios](windows-10-deployment-scenarios.md)
+[Windows upgrade and migration considerations](windows-upgrade-and-migration-considerations.md)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/windows/deploy/windows-upgrade-and-migration-considerations.md b/windows/deploy/windows-upgrade-and-migration-considerations.md
index 7763b0502d..fc4c69a980 100644
--- a/windows/deploy/windows-upgrade-and-migration-considerations.md
+++ b/windows/deploy/windows-upgrade-and-migration-considerations.md
@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@ ms.sitesec: library
author: greg-lindsay
---
-# Windows Upgrade and Migration Considerations
+# Windows upgrade and migration considerations
Files and application settings can be migrated to new hardware running the Windows® operating system, or they can be maintained during an operating system upgrade on the same computer. This topic summarizes the Microsoft® tools you can use to move files and settings between installations in addition to special considerations for performing an upgrade or migration.
-## Upgrade from a Previous Version of Windows
+## Upgrade from a previous version of Windows
You can upgrade from an earlier version of Windows, which means you can install the new version of Windows and retain your applications, files, and settings as they were in your previous version of Windows. If you decide to perform a custom installation of Windows instead of an upgrade, your applications and settings will not be maintained. Your personal files, and all Windows files and directories, will be moved to a Windows.old folder. You can access your data in the Windows.old folder after Windows Setup is complete.
-## Migrate Files and Settings
+## Migrate files and settings
Migration tools are available to transfer settings from one computer that is running Windows to another. These tools transfer only the program settings, not the programs themselves.
For more information about application compatibility, see the [Application Compatibility Toolkit (ACT)](http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkId=131349).
@@ -29,13 +29,13 @@ With Windows Easy Transfer, files and settings can be transferred using a netwo
### Migrate with the User State Migration Tool
You can use USMT to automate migration during large deployments of the Windows operating system. USMT uses configurable migration rule (.xml) files to control exactly which user accounts, user files, operating system settings, and application settings are migrated and how they are migrated. You can use USMT for both *side-by-side* migrations, where one piece of hardware is being replaced, or *wipe-and-load* (or *refresh*) migrations, when only the operating system is being upgraded.
-## Upgrade and Migration Considerations
+## Upgrade and migration monsiderations
Whether you are upgrading or migrating to a new version of Windows, you must be aware of the following issues and considerations:
-### Application Compatibility
+### Application compatibility
For more information about application compatibility in Windows, see the [Application Compatibility Toolkit (ACT)](http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkId=131349).
-### Multilingual Windows Image Upgrades
+### Multilingual Windows image upgrades
When performing multilingual Windows upgrades, cross-language upgrades are not supported by USMT. If you are upgrading or migrating an operating system with multiple language packs installed, you can upgrade or migrate only to the system default user interface (UI) language. For example, if English is the default but you have a Spanish language pack installed, you can upgrade or migrate only to English.
If you are using a single-language Windows image that matches the system default UI language of your multilingual operating system, the migration will work. However, all of the language packs will be removed, and you will have to reinstall them after the upgrade is completed.
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ If you are using a single-language Windows image that matches the system default
### Errorhandler.cmd
When upgrading from an earlier version of Windows, if you intend to use Errorhandler.cmd, you must copy this file into the %WINDIR%\\Setup\\Scripts directory on the old installation. This makes sure that if there are errors during the down-level phase of Windows Setup, the commands in Errorhandler.cmd will run.
-### Data Drive ACL Migration
+### Data drive ACL migration
During the configuration pass of Windows Setup, the root access control list (ACL) on drives formatted for NTFS that do not appear to have an operating system will be changed to the default Windows XP ACL format. The ACLs on these drives are changed to enable authenticated users to modify access on folders and files.
Changing the ACLs may affect the performance of Windows Setup if the default Windows XP ACLs are applied to a partition with a large amount of data. Because of these performance concerns, you can change the following registry value to disable this feature:
@@ -57,7 +57,10 @@ Value: "DDACLSys_Disabled" = 1
This feature is disabled if this registry key value exists and is configured to `1`.
## Related topics
-- [User State Migration Tool (USMT) Overview Topics](usmt-topics.md)
+[User State Migration Tool (USMT) Overview Topics](usmt-topics.md)
+[Windows 10 upgrade paths](windows-10-upgrade-paths.md)
+[Windows 10 edition upgrade](windows-10-edition-upgrades.md)
+
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/active-directory-accounts.md b/windows/keep-secure/active-directory-accounts.md
index 6594344d4d..3b4ee0e979 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/active-directory-accounts.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/active-directory-accounts.md
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ In Active Directory, default local accounts are used by administrators to manage
Each default local account is automatically assigned to a security group that is preconfigured with the appropriate rights and permissions to perform specific tasks. Active Directory security groups collect user accounts, computer accounts, and other groups into manageable units. For more information, see [Active Directory Security Groups](active-directory-security-groups.md).
-On an Active Directory domain controller, each default local account is referred to as a security principal. A security principal is a directory object that is used to secure and manage Active Directory services that provide access to domain controller resources. A security principal includes objects such as user accounts, computer accounts, security groups, or the threads or processes that run in the security context of a user or computer account. For more information, see [Security Principals Technical Overview](security-principals.md).
+On an Active Directory domain controller, each default local account is referred to as a security principal. A security principal is a directory object that is used to secure and manage Active Directory services that provide access to domain controller resources. A security principal includes objects such as user accounts, computer accounts, security groups, or the threads or processes that run in the security context of a user or computer account. For more information, see [Security Principals](security-principals.md).
A security principal is represented by a unique security identifier (SID).The SIDs that are related to each of the default local accounts in Active Directory are described in the sections below.
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ Because it is impossible to predict the specific errors that will occur for any
**Important**
Rebooting a computer is the only reliable way to recover functionality as this will cause both the computer account and user accounts to log back in again. Logging in again will request new TGTs that are valid with the new KRBTGT, correcting any KRBTGT related operational issues on that computer.
-
+For information about how to help mitigate the risks associated with a potentially compromised KRBTGT account, see [KRBTGT Account Password Reset Scripts now available for customers](http://blogs.microsoft.com/cybertrust/2015/02/11/krbtgt-account-password-reset-scripts-now-available-for-customers/).
### Read-only domain controllers and the KRBTGT account
@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ Each default local account in Active Directory has a number of account settings
Provides support for the Data Encryption Standard (DES). DES supports multiple levels of encryption, including Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption (MPPE) Standard (40-bit and 56-bit), MPPE standard (56-bit), MPPE Strong (128-bit), Internet Protocol security (IPSec) DES (40-bit), IPSec 56-bit DES, and IPSec Triple DES (3DES).
Note
- DES is not enabled by default in Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows Server 2012, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows 7, Windows 8, and Windows 8.1. For these operating systems, you must configure your computers to use the DES-CBC-MD5 or DES-CBC-CRC cipher suites. If your environment requires DES, then this setting might affect compatibility with client computers or services and applications in your environment. For more information, see [Hunting down DES in order to securely deploy Kerberos](http://blogs.technet.com/b/askds/archive/2010/10/19/hunting-down-des-in-order-to-securely-deploy-kerberos.aspx).
+ DES is not enabled by default in Windows Server operating systems starting with Windows Server 2008 R2, nor in Windows client operating systems starting with Windows 7. For these operating systems, computers will not use DES-CBC-MD5 or DES-CBC-CRC cipher suites by default. If your environment requires DES, then this setting might affect compatibility with client computers or services and applications in your environment. For more information, see [Hunting down DES in order to securely deploy Kerberos](http://blogs.technet.com/b/askds/archive/2010/10/19/hunting-down-des-in-order-to-securely-deploy-kerberos.aspx).
@@ -571,7 +571,7 @@ If the administrators in your environment can sign in locally to managed servers
- **Better**. Do not grant administrators membership in the local Administrator group on the computer in order to restrict the administrator from bypassing these protections.
-- **Ideal**. Restrict workstations from having any network connectivity, except for the domain controllers and servers that the administrator accounts are used to manage. Alternately, use AppLocker application control policies to restrict all applications from running, except for the operating system and approved administrative tools and applications. For more information about AppLocker, see [AppLocker Overview](http://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh831440.aspx).
+- **Ideal**. Restrict workstations from having any network connectivity, except for the domain controllers and servers that the administrator accounts are used to manage. Alternately, use AppLocker application control policies to restrict all applications from running, except for the operating system and approved administrative tools and applications. For more information about AppLocker, see [AppLocker](applocker-overview.md).
The following procedure describes how to block Internet access by creating a Group Policy Object (GPO) that configures an invalid proxy address on administrative workstations. These instructions apply only to computers running Internet Explorer and other Windows components that use these proxy settings.
@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ In this procedure, the workstations are dedicated to domain administrators. By s
2. Create computer accounts for the new workstations.
- > **Note** You might have to delegate permissions to join the domain by using [KB 932455](http://support.microsoft.com/kb/932455) if the account that joins the workstations to the domain does not already have permissions to join computers to the domain.
+ > **Note** You might have to delegate permissions to join computers to the domain if the account that joins the workstations to the domain does not already have them. For more information, see [Delegation of Administration in Active Directory](http://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/contents/articles/20292.delegation-of-administration-in-active-directory.aspx).
@@ -846,14 +846,6 @@ In addition, installed applications and management agents on domain controllers
## See also
+- [Security Principals](security-principals.md)
-[Security Principals Technical Overview](security-principals.md)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+- [Access Control Overview](access-control.md)
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/active-directory-security-groups.md b/windows/keep-secure/active-directory-security-groups.md
index 195b7371a2..630308945a 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/active-directory-security-groups.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/active-directory-security-groups.md
@@ -986,7 +986,7 @@ This security group has not changed since Windows Server 2008.
Members of the Cloneable Domain Controllers group that are domain controllers may be cloned. In Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows Server 2012, you can deploy domain controllers by copying an existing virtual domain controller. In a virtual environment, you no longer have to repeatedly deploy a server image that is prepared by using sysprep.exe, promote the server to a domain controller, and then complete additional configuration requirements for deploying each domain controller (including adding the virtual domain controller to this security group).
-For more information, see [Introduction to Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) Virtualization (Level 100)](https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh831734.aspx).
+For more information, see [Introduction to Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) Virtualization (Level 100)](https://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh831734.aspx).
This security group was introduced in Windows Server 2012, and it has not changed in subsequent versions.
@@ -1302,7 +1302,7 @@ This security group has not changed since Windows Server 2008.
Members of DNSAdmins group have access to network DNS information. The default permissions are as follows: Allow: Read, Write, Create All Child objects, Delete Child objects, Special Permissions.
-For information about other means to secure the DNS server service, see [Securing the DNS Server Service](http://technet.microsoft.com/library/cc731367.aspx).
+For more information about security and DNS, see [DNSSEC in Windows Server 2012](https://technet.microsoft.com/library/dn593694(v=ws.11).aspx).
This security group has not changed since Windows Server 2008.
@@ -1742,7 +1742,7 @@ Members of this group are Read-Only Domain Controllers in the enterprise. Except
Read-only domain controllers address some of the issues that are commonly found in branch offices. These locations might not have a domain controller. Or, they might have a writable domain controller, but not the physical security, network bandwidth, or local expertise to support it.
-For more information, see [AD DS: Read-Only Domain Controllers](http://technet.microsoft.com/library/cc732801.aspx).
+For more information, see [What Is an RODC?](https://technet.microsoft.com/library/cc771030.aspx).
The Enterprise Read-Only Domain Controllers group applies to versions of the Windows Server operating system listed in the [Active Directory Default Security Groups table](#bkmk-groupstable).
@@ -1866,7 +1866,7 @@ This security group has not changed since Windows Server 2008.
This group is authorized to create, edit, or delete Group Policy Objects in the domain. By default, the only member of the group is Administrator.
-For information about other features you can use with this security group, see [Group Policy Planning and Deployment Guide](http://technet.microsoft.com/library/cc754948.aspx).
+For information about other features you can use with this security group, see [Group Policy Overview](https://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh831791.aspx).
The Group Policy Creators Owners group applies to versions of the Windows Server operating system listed in the [Active Directory Default Security Groups table](#bkmk-groupstable).
@@ -2525,7 +2525,7 @@ This group has no default members. Because members of this group can load and un
The Print Operators group applies to versions of the Windows Server operating system listed in the [Active Directory Default Security Groups table](#bkmk-groupstable).
-This security group has not changed since Windows Server 2008. However, in Windows Server 2008 R2, functionality was added to manage print administration. For more information, see [Assigning Delegated Print Administrator and Printer Permission Settings in Windows Server 2008 R2](http://technet.microsoft.com/library/ee524015(WS.10).aspx).
+This security group has not changed since Windows Server 2008. However, in Windows Server 2008 R2, functionality was added to manage print administration. For more information, see [Assign Delegated Print Administrator and Printer Permission Settings in Windows Server 2012](https://technet.microsoft.com/library/jj190062(v=ws.11).aspx).
@@ -2602,7 +2602,7 @@ Depending on the account’s domain functional level, members of the Protected U
The Protected Users group applies to versions of the Windows Server operating system listed in the [Active Directory Default Security Groups table](#bkmk-groupstable).
-This group was introduced in Windows Server 2012 R2. For more information about how this group works, see [Protected Users Security Group](https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn466518.aspx).
+This group was introduced in Windows Server 2012 R2. For more information about how this group works, see [Protected Users Security Group](https://technet.microsoft.com/library/dn466518.aspx).
The following table specifies the properties of the Protected Users group.
@@ -2724,7 +2724,7 @@ This security group has not changed since Windows Server 2008.
Servers that are members in the RDS Endpoint Servers group can run virtual machines and host sessions where user RemoteApp programs and personal virtual desktops run. This group needs to be populated on servers running RD Connection Broker. Session Host servers and RD Virtualization Host servers used in the deployment need to be in this group.
-For information about Remote Desktop Services, see [Remote Desktop Services Design Guide](http://technet.microsoft.com/library/gg750997.aspx).
+For information about Remote Desktop Services, see [Host desktops and apps in Remote Desktop Services](https://technet.microsoft.com/library/mt718499.aspx).
This security group was introduced in Windows Server 2012, and it has not changed in subsequent versions.
@@ -2844,7 +2844,7 @@ This security group was introduced in Windows Server 2012, and it has not chang
Servers in the RDS Remote Access Servers group provide users with access to RemoteApp programs and personal virtual desktops. In Internet facing deployments, these servers are typically deployed in an edge network. This group needs to be populated on servers running RD Connection Broker. RD Gateway servers and RD Web Access servers that are used in the deployment need to be in this group.
-For information about RemoteApp programs, see [Overview of RemoteApp](http://technet.microsoft.com/library/cc755055.aspx)
+For more information, see [Host desktops and apps in Remote Desktop Services](https://technet.microsoft.com/library/mt718499.aspx).
This security group was introduced in Windows Server 2012, and it has not changed in subsequent versions.
@@ -2978,7 +2978,7 @@ Because administration of a Read-only domain controller can be delegated to a do
- Read-only Domain Name System (DNS)
-For information about deploying a Read-only domain controller, see [Read-Only Domain Controllers Step-by-Step Guide](http://technet.microsoft.com/library/cc772234.aspx).
+For information about deploying a Read-only domain controller, see [Understanding Planning and Deployment for Read-Only Domain Controllers](https://technet.microsoft.com/library/cc754719(v=ws.10).aspx).
This security group was introduced in Windows Server 2008, and it has not changed in subsequent versions.
@@ -3041,7 +3041,7 @@ Members of the Remote Management Users group can access WMI resources over manag
The Remote Management Users group is generally used to allow users to manage servers through the Server Manager console, whereas the [WinRMRemoteWMIUsers\_](#bkmk-winrmremotewmiusers-) group is allows remotely running Windows PowerShell commands.
-For more information, see [WS-Management Protocol (Windows)](http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/aa384470.aspx) and [About WMI (Windows)](http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/aa384642.aspx).
+For more information, see [What's New in MI?](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/jj819828(v=vs.85).aspx) and [About WMI](http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/aa384642.aspx).
This security group was introduced in Windows Server 2012, and it has not changed in subsequent versions.
@@ -3105,9 +3105,10 @@ Computers that are members of the Replicator group support file replication in a
**Important**
In Windows Server 2008 R2, FRS cannot be used for replicating DFS folders or custom (non-SYSVOL) data. A Windows Server 2008 R2 domain controller can still use FRS to replicate the contents of a SYSVOL shared resource in a domain that uses FRS for replicating the SYSVOL shared resource between domain controllers.
-However, Windows Server 2008 R2 servers cannot use FRS to replicate the contents of any replica set apart from the SYSVOL shared resource. The DFS Replication service is a replacement for FRS, and it can be used to replicate the contents of a SYSVOL shared resource, DFS folders, and other custom (non-SYSVOL) data. You should migrate all non-SYSVOL FRS replica sets to DFS Replication. For more information, see [File Replication Service (FRS) Is Deprecated in Windows Server 2008 R2 (Windows).](http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ff384840.aspx)
+However, Windows Server 2008 R2 servers cannot use FRS to replicate the contents of any replica set apart from the SYSVOL shared resource. The DFS Replication service is a replacement for FRS, and it can be used to replicate the contents of a SYSVOL shared resource, DFS folders, and other custom (non-SYSVOL) data. You should migrate all non-SYSVOL FRS replica sets to DFS Replication. For more information, see:
-
+- [File Replication Service (FRS) Is Deprecated in Windows Server 2008 R2 (Windows)](http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ff384840.aspx)
+- [DFS Namespaces and DFS Replication Overview](https://technet.microsoft.com/library/jj127250(v=ws.11).aspx)
This security group has not changed since Windows Server 2008.
@@ -3581,21 +3582,10 @@ This security group was introduced in Windows Server 2012, and it has not chang
-
-
## See also
+- [Security Principals](security-principals.md)
-[Security Principals Technical Overview](security-principals.md)
-
-
-[Special Identities](special-identities.md)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+- [Special Identities](special-identities.md)
+- [Access Control Overview](access-control.md)
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/add-apps-to-protected-list-using-custom-uri.md b/windows/keep-secure/add-apps-to-protected-list-using-custom-uri.md
index eb028e5f03..5f10d77fb7 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/add-apps-to-protected-list-using-custom-uri.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/add-apps-to-protected-list-using-custom-uri.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
-title: Add multiple apps to your enterprise data protection (EDP) Protected Apps list (Windows 10)
-description: Add multiple apps to your enterprise data protection (EDP) Protected Apps list at the same time, by using the Microsoft Intune Custom URI functionality and the AppLocker.
+title: Add apps to your enterprise data protection (EDP) policy by using the Microsoft Intune custom URI functionality (Windows 10)
+description: Add multiple apps to your enterprise data protection (EDP) allowed app list at the same time, by using the Microsoft Intune Custom URI functionality and AppLocker.
ms.assetid: b50db35d-a2a9-4b78-a95d-a1b066e66880
keywords: EDP, Enterprise Data Protection, protected apps, protected app list
ms.prod: w10
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ms.sitesec: library
author: eross-msft
---
-# Add multiple apps to your enterprise data protection (EDP) Protected Apps list
+# Add apps to your enterprise data protection (EDP) policy by using the Microsoft Intune custom URI functionality
**Applies to:**
- Windows 10 Insider Preview
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ author: eross-msft
[Some information relates to pre-released product, which may be substantially modified before it's commercially released. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, with respect to the information provided here.]
-Add multiple apps to your enterprise data protection (EDP) **Protected Apps** list at the same time, by using the Microsoft Intune Custom URI functionality and AppLocker. For more info about how to create a custom URI using Intune, see [Windows 10 custom policy settings in Microsoft Intune](http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkID=691330).
+Add multiple apps to your enterprise data protection (EDP) allowed app list at the same time, by using the Microsoft Intune Custom URI functionality and AppLocker. For more info about how to create a custom URI using Intune, see [Windows 10 custom policy settings in Microsoft Intune](http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkID=691330).
**Important**
Results can be unpredictable if you configure your policy using both the UI and the Custom URI method together. We recommend using a single method for each policy.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/change-history-for-keep-windows-10-secure.md b/windows/keep-secure/change-history-for-keep-windows-10-secure.md
index 9db6ea63fb..812c222e48 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/change-history-for-keep-windows-10-secure.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/change-history-for-keep-windows-10-secure.md
@@ -12,6 +12,13 @@ author: brianlic-msft
# Change history for Keep Windows 10 secure
This topic lists new and updated topics in the [Keep Windows 10 secure](index.md) documentation for [Windows 10 and Windows 10 Mobile](../index.md).
+## July 2016
+
+|New or changed topic | Description |
+|----------------------|-------------|
+|[Create an enterprise data protection (EDP) policy using System Center Configuration Manager](create-edp-policy-using-sccm.md) |New |
+
+
## June 2016
|New or changed topic | Description |
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/create-edp-policy-using-sccm.md b/windows/keep-secure/create-edp-policy-using-sccm.md
index fa412028a7..edfc06c2ec 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/create-edp-policy-using-sccm.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/create-edp-policy-using-sccm.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
title: Create and deploy an enterprise data protection (EDP) policy using System Center Configuration Manager (Windows 10)
-description: Configuration Manager (version 1511 or later) helps you create and deploy your enterprise data protection (EDP) policy, including letting you choose your protected apps, your EDP-protection level, and how to find enterprise data on the network.
+description: Configuration Manager (version 1606 or later) helps you create and deploy your enterprise data protection (EDP) policy, including letting you choose your protected apps, your EDP-protection level, and how to find enterprise data on the network.
ms.assetid: 85b99c20-1319-4aa3-8635-c1a87b244529
keywords: EDP, Enterprise Data Protection, SCCM, System Center Configuration Manager, Configuration Manager
ms.prod: w10
@@ -15,28 +15,14 @@ author: eross-msft
- Windows 10 Insider Preview
- Windows 10 Mobile Preview
-- System Center Configuration Manager (version 1511 or later)
+- System Center Configuration Manager (version 1605 Tech Preview or later)
[Some information relates to pre-released product, which may be substantially modified before it's commercially released. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, with respect to the information provided here.]
-Configuration Manager (version 1511 or later) helps you create and deploy your enterprise data protection (EDP) policy, including letting you choose your protected apps, your EDP-protection level, and how to find enterprise data on the network.
+System Center Configuration Manager (version 1605 Tech Preview or later) helps you create and deploy your enterprise data protection (EDP) policy, including letting you choose your protected apps, your EDP-protection mode, and how to find enterprise data on the network.
-## In this topic:
-- [Add an EDP policy](#add-an-edp-policy)
-
-- [Choose which apps can access your enterprise data](#choose-which-apps-can-access-your-enterprise-data)
-
-- [Manage the EDP protection level for your enterprise data](#manage-the-edp-protection-level-for-your-enterprise-data)
-
-- [Define your enterprise-managed identity domains](#define-your-enterprise-managed-identity-domains)
-
-- [Choose where apps can access enterprise data](#choose-where-apps-can-access-enterprise-data)
-
-- [Choose your optional EDP-related settings](#choose-your-optional-EDP-related-settings)
-
-- [Review your configuration choices in the Summary screen](#review-your-configuration-choices-in-the-summary-screen)
-
-- [Deploy the EDP policy](#deploy-the-edp-policy)
+>**Important**
+If you previously created an EDP policy using System Center Configuration Manager version 1511 or 1602, you’ll need to recreate it using version 1605 Tech Preview or later. Editing an EDP policy created in version 1511 or 1602 is not supported in version 1605 Tech Preview. There is no migration path between EDP policies across these versions.
## Add an EDP policy
After you’ve installed and set up System Center Configuration Manager for your organization, you must create a configuration item for EDP, which in turn becomes your EDP policy.
@@ -66,60 +52,126 @@ The **Create Configuration Item Wizard** starts.
-6. On the **Device Settings** screen, click **Enterprise Data Protection**, and then click **Next**.
+6. On the **Device Settings** screen, click **Enterprise data protection**, and then click **Next**.
-The **Configure Enterprise Data Protection settings** page appears, where you'll configure your policy for your organization.
+The **Configure enterprise data protection settings** page appears, where you'll configure your policy for your organization.
-## Choose which apps can access your enterprise data
-During the policy-creation process in Configuration Manager, you can choose the apps you want to give access to your enterprise data through EDP. Apps included in this list can protect data on behalf of the enterprise and are restricted from copying or moving enterprise data to unprotected apps or unprotected network locations.
+### Add app rules to your policy
+During the policy-creation process in System Center Configuration Manager, you can choose the apps you want to give access to your enterprise data through EDP. Apps included in this list can protect data on behalf of the enterprise and are restricted from copying or moving enterprise data to unprotected apps.
-The steps to add your apps are based on the type of app it is; either a Universal Windows Platform (UWP) app, or a signed Classic Windows application.
+The steps to add your app rules are based on the type of rule template being applied. You can add a store app (also known as a Universal Windows Platform (UWP) app), a signed desktop app (also known as a Classic Windows app), or an AppLocker policy file.
-**Important** EDP-aware apps are expected to prevent enterprise data from going to unprotected network locations and to avoid encrypting personal data. On the other hand, EDP-unaware apps might not respect the corporate network boundary and will encrypt all files they create or modify, meaning that they could encrypt personal data and cause data leaks during the revocation process. Care must be taken to get a support statement from the software provider that their app is safe with EDP before adding it to your **Protected App** list.
+>**Important**
+EDP-aware apps are expected to prevent enterprise data from going to unprotected network locations and to avoid encrypting personal data. On the other hand, EDP-unaware apps might not respect the corporate network boundary, and EDP-unaware apps will encrypt all files they create or modify. This means that they could encrypt personal data and cause data loss during the revocation process.
-**To add a UWP app**
+Care must be taken to get a support statement from the software provider that their app is safe with EDP before adding it to your **App rules** list. If you don’t get this statement, it’s possible that you could experience app compat issues due to an app losing the ability to access a necessary file after revocation.
-1. From the **Configure the following apps to be protected by EDP** table in the **Protected Apps** area, click **Add.**
+#### Add a store app rule to your policy
+For this example, we’re going to add Microsoft OneNote, a store app, to the **App Rules** list.
-2. Click **Universal App**, type the **Publisher Name** and the **Product Name** into the associated boxes, and then click **OK**. If you don't have the publisher or product name, you can find them by following these steps.
+**To add a store app**
- **To find the Publisher and Product name values for Microsoft Store apps without installing them**
+1. From the **App rules** area, click **Add**.
+
+ The **Add app rule** box appears.
- 1. Go to the [Windows Store for Business](http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkID=722910) website, and find your app. For example, Microsoft OneNote.
+ 
- 2. Copy the ID value from the app URL. For example, Microsoft OneNote's ID URL is https://www.microsoft.com/store/apps/onenote/9wzdncrfhvjl, and you'd copy the ID value, `9wzdncrfhvjl`.
+2. Add a friendly name for your app into the **Title** box. In this example, it’s *Microsoft OneNote*.
- 3. In a browser, run the Store for Business portal web API, to return a JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) file that includes the publisher and product name values. For example, run https://bspmts.mp.microsoft.com/v1/public/catalog/Retail/Products/*9wzdncrfhvjl*/applockerdata, where *9wzdncrfhvjl* is replaced with your ID value.
+3. Click **Allow** from the **Enterprise data protection mode** drop-down list.
- The API runs and opens a text editor with the app details.
+ Allow turns on EDP, helping to protect that app’s corporate data through the enforcement of EDP restrictions. If you want to exempt an app, you can follow the steps in the [Exempt apps from EDP restrictions](#exempt-apps-from-edp) section.
- ``` json
+4. Pick **Store App** from the **Rule template** drop-down list.
+
+ The box changes to show the store app rule options.
+
+5. Type the name of the app and the name of its publisher, and then click **OK**. For this UWP app example, the **Publisher** is `CN=Microsoft Corporation, O=Microsoft Corporation, L=Redmond, S=Washington, C=US` and the **Product name** is `Microsoft.Office.OneNote`.
+
+If you don't know the publisher or product name, you can find them for both desktop devices and Windows 10 Mobile phones by following these steps.
+
+**To find the Publisher and Product Name values for Store apps without installing them**
+
+1. Go to the [Windows Store for Business](http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkID=722910) website, and find your app. For example, Microsoft OneNote.
+
+ >**Note**
+ If your app is already installed on desktop devices, you can use the AppLocker local security policy MMC snap-in to gather the info for adding the app to the protected apps list. For info about how to do this, see the steps in the [Add an AppLocker policy file](#add-an-applocker-policy-file) section.
+
+2. Copy the ID value from the app URL. For example, Microsoft OneNote's ID URL is https://www.microsoft.com/store/apps/onenote/9wzdncrfhvjl, and you'd copy the ID value, `9wzdncrfhvjl`.
+
+3. In a browser, run the Store for Business portal web API, to return a JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) file that includes the publisher and product name values. For example, run https://bspmts.mp.microsoft.com/v1/public/catalog/Retail/Products/9wzdncrfhvjl/applockerdata, where `9wzdncrfhvjl` is replaced with your ID value.
+
+ The API runs and opens a text editor with the app details.
+
+ ``` json
{
- "packageIdentityName": "Microsoft.Office.OneNote",
- "publisherCertificateName": "CN=Microsoft Corporation, O=Microsoft Corporation, L=Redmond, S=Washington, C=US"
+ "packageIdentityName": "Microsoft.Office.OneNote",
+ "publisherCertificateName": "CN=Microsoft Corporation, O=Microsoft Corporation, L=Redmond, S=Washington, C=US"
+ }
+ ```
+
+4. Copy the `publisherCertificateName` value and paste them into the **Publisher Name** box, copy the `packageIdentityName` value into the **Product Name** box of Intune.
+
+ >**Important**
+ The JSON file might also return a `windowsPhoneLegacyId` value for both the **Publisher Name** and **Product Name** boxes. This means that you have an app that’s using a XAP package and that you must set the **Product Name** as `windowsPhoneLegacyId`, and set the **Publisher Name** as “CN=” followed by the `windowsPhoneLegacyId`. For example:
+ ```json
+ {
+ "windowsPhoneLegacyId": "ca05b3ab-f157-450c-8c49-a1f127f5e71d",
}
```
- 4. Copy the `publisherCertificateName` value and paste them into the **Publisher Name** box, copy the `packageIdentityName` value into the **Product Name** box of the **Add app** box, and then click **OK**.
- **Important**
If you don’t see the **Product Name** box, it could mean that your tenant is not on the latest build and that you need to wait until it's upgraded. Same applies if you see the **AppId** box. The **AppId** box has been removed in the latest build and should disappear (along with any entries) when your tenant is upgraded.
- **Important**
The JSON file might also return a `windowsPhoneLegacyId` value for both the **Publisher Name** and **Product Name** boxes. This means that you have an app that’s using a XAP package and that you must set the **Product Name** as `windowsPhoneLegacyId`, and set the **Publisher Name** as “CN=” followed by the `windowsPhoneLegacyId`. For example:
+**To find the Publisher and Product Name values for apps installed on Windows 10 mobile phones**
+1. If you need to add mobile apps that aren't distributed through the Store for Business, you must use the **Windows Device Portal** feature.
- ```
+ >**Note**
+ Your PC and phone must be on the same wireless network.
+
+2. On the Windows Phone, go to **Settings**, choose **Update & security**, and then choose **For developers**.
+
+3. On the **For developers** screen, turn on **Developer mode**, turn on **Device Discovery**, and then turn on **Device Portal**.
+
+4. Copy the URL in the **Device Portal** area into your device's browser, and then accept the SSL certificate.
+
+5. In the **Device discovery** area, press **Pair**, and then enter the PIN into the website from the previous step.
+
+6. On the **Apps** tab of the website, you can see details for the running apps, including the publisher and product names.
+
+7. Start the app for which you're looking for the publisher and product name values.
+
+8. Copy the `publisherCertificateName` value and paste it into the **Publisher Name** box and the `packageIdentityName` value into the **Product Name** box of Intune.
+
+ >**Important**
+ The JSON file might also return a `windowsPhoneLegacyId` value for both the **Publisher Name** and **Product Name** boxes. This means that you have an app that’s using a XAP package and that you must set the **Product Name** as `windowsPhoneLegacyId`, and set the **Publisher Name** as “CN=” followed by the `windowsPhoneLegacyId`. For example:
+ ```json
{
- "windowsPhoneLegacyId": "ca05b3ab-f157-450c-8c49-a1f127f5e71d",
+ "windowsPhoneLegacyId": "ca05b3ab-f157-450c-8c49-a1f127f5e71d",
}
```
- 
+#### Add a desktop app rule to your policy
+For this example, we’re going to add Internet Explorer, a desktop app, to the **App Rules** list.
-**To add a Classic Windows application**
+**To add a desktop app to your policy**
+1. From the **App rules** area, click **Add**.
+
+ The **Add app rule** box appears.
-1. From the **Configure the following apps to be protected by EDP** table in the **Protected Apps** area, click **Add.**
- A dialog box appears, letting you pick whether the app is a **Universal App** or a **Desktop App**.
+ 
-2. Click **Desktop App**, pick the options you want (see table), and then click **OK**.
+2. Add a friendly name for your app into the **Title** box. In this example, it’s *Internet Explorer*.
+
+3. Click **Allow** from the **Enterprise data protection mode** drop-down list.
+
+ Allow turns on EDP, helping to protect that app’s corporate data through the enforcement of EDP restrictions. If you want to exempt an app, you can follow the steps in the [Exempt apps from EDP restrictions](#exempt-apps-from-edp) section.
+
+4. Pick **Desktop App** from the **Rule template** drop-down list.
+
+ The box changes to show the desktop app rule options.
+
+5. Pick the options you want to include for the app rule (see table), and then click **OK**.
@@ -139,21 +191,21 @@ The steps to add your apps are based on the type of app it is; either a Universa
| All files for the specified product, signed by the named publisher. |
- | Publisher, Product Name, and File Name selected |
+ Publisher, Product Name, and Binary name selected |
Any version of the named file or package for the specified product, signed by the named publisher. |
- | Publisher, Product Name, File Name, and File Version, Exactly, selected |
- Specified version of the named file or package for the specified product, signed by the named publisher. |
-
-
- | Publisher, Product Name, File Name, and File Version, And above selected |
+ Publisher, Product Name, Binary name, and File Version, and above, selected |
Specified version or newer releases of the named file or package for the specified product, signed by the named publisher. This option is recommended for enlightened apps that weren't previously enlightened. |
- | Publisher, Product Name, File Name, and File Version, And below selected |
+ Publisher, Product Name, Binary name, and File Version, And below selected |
Specified version or older releases of the named file or package for the specified product, signed by the named publisher. |
+
+ | Publisher, Product Name, Binary name, and File Version, Exactly selected |
+ Specified version of the named file or package for the specified product, signed by the named publisher. |
+
If you’re unsure about what to include for the publisher, you can run this PowerShell command:
@@ -172,43 +224,166 @@ Path Publisher
```
Where the text, `O=MICROSOFT CORPORATION, L=REDMOND, S=WASHINGTON, C=US` is the publisher name to enter in the **Publisher Name** box.
-
+#### Add an AppLocker policy file
+For this example, we’re going to add an AppLocker XML file to the **App Rules** list. You’ll use this option if you want to add multiple apps at the same time. For more info about AppLocker, see the [AppLocker](https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/itpro/windows/keep-secure/applocker-overview) content.
-## Manage the EDP-protection level for your enterprise data
-After you've added the apps you want to protect with EDP, you'll need to apply an app management mode.
+**To create an app rule and xml file using the AppLocker tool**
+1. Open the Local Security Policy snap-in (SecPol.msc).
+
+2. In the left pane, expand **Application Control Policies**, expand **AppLocker**, and then click **Packaged App Rules**.
-We recommend that you start with **Silent** or **Override** while verifying with a small group that you have the right apps on your **Protected Apps** list. After you're done, you can change to your final enforcement policy, either **Override** or **Block**.
+ 
+
+3. Right-click in the right-hand pane, and then click **Create New Rule**.
+
+ The **Create Packaged app Rules** wizard appears.
+
+4. On the **Before You Begin** page, click **Next**.
+
+ 
+
+5. On the **Permissions** page, make sure the **Action** is set to **Allow** and the **User or group** is set to **Everyone**, and then click **Next**.
+
+ 
+
+6. On the **Publisher** page, click **Select** from the **Use an installed packaged app as a reference** area.
+
+ 
+
+7. In the **Select applications** box, pick the app that you want to use as the reference for your rule, and then click **OK**. For this example, we’re using Microsoft Photos.
+
+ 
+
+8. On the updated **Publisher** page, click **Create**.
+
+ 
+
+9. Review the Local Security Policy snap-in to make sure your rule is correct.
+
+ 
+
+10. In the left pane, right-click on **AppLocker**, and then click **Export policy**.
+
+ The **Export policy** box opens, letting you export and save your new policy as XML.
+
+ 
+
+11. In the **Export policy** box, browse to where the policy should be stored, give the policy a name, and then click **Save**.
+
+ The policy is saved and you’ll see a message that says 1 rule was exported from the policy.
+
+ **Example XML file**
+ This is the XML file that AppLocker creates for Microsoft Photos.
+
+ ```xml
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ ```
+12. After you’ve created your XML file, you need to import it by using System Center Configuration Manager.
+
+**To import your Applocker policy file app rule using 1System Center Configuration Manager**
+1. From the **App rules** area, click **Add**.
+
+ The **Add app rule** box appears.
+
+ 
+
+2. Add a friendly name for your app into the **Title** box. In this example, it’s *Allowed app list*.
+
+3. Click **Allow** from the **Enterprise data protection mode** drop-down list.
+
+ Allow turns on EDP, helping to protect that app’s corporate data through the enforcement of EDP restrictions. If you want to exempt an app, you can follow the steps in the [Exempt apps from EDP restrictions](#exempt-apps-from-edp) section.
+
+4. Pick the **AppLocker policy file** from the **Rule template** drop-down list.
+
+ The box changes to let you import your AppLocker XML policy file.
+
+5. Click the ellipsis (...) to browse for your AppLocker XML file, click **Open**, and then click **OK** to close the **Add app rule** box.
+
+ The file is imported and the apps are added to your **App Rules** list.
+
+#### Exempt apps from EDP restrictions
+If you're running into compatibility issues where your app is incompatible with EDP, but still needs to be used with enterprise data, you can exempt the app from the EDP restrictions. This means that your apps won't include auto-encryption or tagging and won't honor your network restrictions. It also means that your exempted apps might leak.
+
+**To exempt a store app, a desktop app, or an AppLocker policy file app rule**
+
+1. From the **App rules** area, click **Add**.
+
+ The **Add app rule** box appears.
+
+2. Add a friendly name for your app into the **Title** box. In this example, it’s *Exempt apps list*.
+
+3. Click **Exempt** from the **Enterprise data protection mode** drop-down list.
+
+ Be aware that when you exempt apps, they’re allowed to bypass the EDP restrictions and access your corporate data. To allow apps, see the [Add app rules to your policy](#add-app-rules-to-your-policy) section of this topic.
+
+4. Fill out the rest of the app rule info, based on the type of rule you’re adding:
+
+ - **Store app.** Follow the **Publisher** and **Product name** instructions in the [Add a store app rule to your policy](#add-a-store-app-rule-to-your-policy) section of this topic.
+
+ - **Desktop app.** Follow the **Publisher**, **Product name**, **Binary name**, and **Version** instructions in the [Add a desktop app rule to your policy](#add-a-desktop-app-rule-to-your-policy) section of this topic.
+
+ - **AppLocker policy file.** Follow the **Import** instructions in the [Add an AppLocker policy file](#add-an-applocker-policy-file) section of this topic, using a list of exempted apps.
+
+5. Click **OK**.
+
+### Manage the EDP-protection level for your enterprise data
+After you've added the apps you want to protect with EDP, you'll need to apply a management and protection mode.
+
+We recommend that you start with **Silent** or **Override** while verifying with a small group that you have the right apps on your protected apps list. After you're done, you can change to your final enforcement policy, either **Override** or **Block**.
|Mode |Description |
|-----|------------|
-|Block |EDP looks for inappropriate data sharing practices and stops the employee from completing the action. This can include sharing info across non-enterprise-protected apps in addition to sharing enterprise data between other people and devices outside of your enterprise. |
+|Block |EDP looks for inappropriate data sharing practices and stops the employee from completing the action. This can include sharing info across non-enterprise-protected apps in addition to sharing enterprise data between other people and devices outside of your enterprise.|
|Override |EDP looks for inappropriate data sharing, warning employees if they do something deemed potentially unsafe. However, this management mode lets the employee override the policy and share the data, logging the action to your audit log, accessible through the [Reporting CSP](http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkID=746459). |
-|Silent |EDP runs silently, logging inappropriate data sharing, without blocking anything. |
-|Off (not recommended) |EDP is turned off and doesn't help to protect or audit your data.
- After you turn off EDP, an attempt is made to decrypt any closed EDP-tagged files on the locally attached drives. |
+|Silent |EDP runs silently, logging inappropriate data sharing, without blocking anything that would’ve been prompted for employee interaction while in Override mode. Unallowed actions, like apps inappropriately trying to access a network resource or EDP-protected data, are still blocked.|
+|Off (not recommended) |EDP is turned off and doesn't help to protect or audit your data. After you turn off EDP, an attempt is made to decrypt any closed EDP-tagged files on the locally attached drives.|
-## Define your enterprise-managed identity domains
-Specify your company’s enterprise identity, expressed as your primary internet domain. For example, if your company is Contoso, its enterprise identity might be contoso.com. The first listed domain (in this example, contoso.com) is the primary enterprise identity string used to tag files protected by any app on the **Protected App** list.
+### Define your enterprise-managed identity domains
+Corporate identity, usually expressed as your primary internet domain (for example, contoso.com), helps to identify and tag your corporate data from apps you’ve marked as protected by EDP. For example, emails using contoso.com are identified as being corporate and are restricted by your enterprise data protection policies.
-You can also specify all the domains owned by your enterprise that are used for user accounts, separating them with the "|" character. For example, if Contoso also has some employees with email addresses or user accounts on the fabrikam.com domain, you would use contoso.com|fabrikam.com.
+You can specify multiple domains owned by your enterprise by separating them with the "|" character. For example, (contoso.com|newcontoso.com). With multiple domains, the first one is designated as your corporate identity and all of the additional ones as being owned by the first one. We strongly recommend that you include all of your email address domains in this list.
-This list of managed identity domains, along with the primary domain, make up the identity of your managing enterprise. User identities (user@domain) that end in any of the domains on this list, are considered managed.
+**To add your corporate identity**
-
+- Type the name of your corporate identity into the **Corporate identity** field. For example, `contoso.com` or `contoso.com|newcontoso.com`.
-**To add your primary domain**
+ 
-- Type the name of your primary domain into the **Primary domain** field. For example, *contoso.com*.
-If you have multiple domains, you must separate them with the "|" character. For example, contoso.com|fabrikam.com.
+### Choose where apps can access enterprise data
+After you've added a protection mode to your apps, you'll need to decide where those apps can access enterprise data on your network.
-## Choose where apps can access enterprise data
-After you've added a management level to your protected apps, you'll need to decide where those apps can access enterprise data on your network. There are 6 options, including your network domain, cloud domain, proxy server, internal proxy server, IPv4 range, and IPv6 range.
+There are no default locations included with EDP, you must add each of your network locations. This area applies to any network endpoint device that gets an IP address in your enterprise’s range and is also bound to one of your enterprise domains, including SMB shares. Local file system locations should just maintain encryption (for example, on local NTFS, FAT, ExFAT).
-**To specify where your protected apps can find and send enterprise data on the network**
+>**Important**
+- Every EDP policy should include policy that defines your enterprise network locations.
+- Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) notation isn’t supported for EDP configurations.
+
+**To define where your protected apps can find and send enterprise data on you network**
+
+1. Add additional network locations your apps can access by clicking **Add**.
+
+ The **Add or edit corporate network definition** box appears.
+
+2. Type a name for your corporate network element into the **Name** box, and then pick what type of network element it is, from the **Network element** drop-down box. This can include any of the options in the following table.
+
+ 
-1. Add additional network locations your apps can access by clicking **Add**, and then choosing your location type, including:
| Network location type |
@@ -216,65 +391,145 @@ After you've added a management level to your protected apps, you'll need to dec
Description |
- | Enterprise Cloud Domain |
- contoso.sharepoint.com,proxy1.contoso.com|
office.com|proxy2.contoso.com |
- Specify the cloud resources traffic to restrict to your protected apps. For each cloud resource, you may also specify an internal proxy server that routes your traffic from your **Enterprise Internal Proxy Server** policy. If you have multiple resources, you must use the | delimiter. Include the "|" delimiter just before the "|" if you don’t use proxies. For example: [URL,Proxy]|[URL,Proxy]. |
+ Enterprise Cloud Resources |
+ **With proxy:** contoso.sharepoint.com,proxy.contoso.com|
contoso.visualstudio.com,proxy.contoso.com**Without proxy:** contoso.sharepoint.com|contoso.visualstudio.com |
+ Specify the cloud resources to be treated as corporate and protected by EDP. For each cloud resource, you may also optionally specify an internal proxy server that routes your traffic through your Enterprise Internal Proxy Server. If you have multiple resources, you must separate them using the "|" delimiter. If you don’t use proxy servers, you must also include the "," delimiter just before the "|". For example: `URL <,proxy>|URL <,proxy>`. If Windows is unable to determine whether an app should be allowed to connect to a network resource, it will automatically block the connection. If instead you want Windows to allow the connections to happen, you can add the `/*AppCompat*/` string to this setting. For example: `URL <,proxy>|URL <,proxy>|/*AppCompat*/` |
- | Enterprise Network Domain |
- domain1.contoso.com,domain2.contoso.com |
- Specify the DNS suffix used in your environment. All traffic to the fully-qualified domains using this DNS suffix will be protected. If you have multiple resources, you must use the "," delimiter. This setting works with the IP Ranges settings to detect whether a network endpoint is enterprise or personal on private networks. |
+ Enterprise Network Domain Names (Required) |
+ corp.contoso.com,region.contoso.com |
+ Specify the DNS suffixes used in your environment. All traffic to the fully-qualified domains appearing in this list will be protected. This setting works with the IP ranges settings to detect whether a network endpoint is enterprise or personal on private networks. If you have multiple resources, you must separate them using the "," delimiter. |
- | Enterprise Proxy Server |
- domain1.contoso.com:80;domain2.contoso.com:137 |
- Specify the proxy server and the port traffic is routed through. If you have multiple resources, you must use the ";" delimiter. This setting is required if you use a proxy in your network. If you don't have a proxy server, you might find that enterprise resources are unavailable when a client is behind a proxy, such as when using certain Wi-Fi hotspots at hotels and restaurants. |
+ Enterprise Proxy Servers |
+ proxy.contoso.com:80;proxy2.contoso.com:137 |
+ Specify your externally-facing proxy server addresses, along with the port through which traffic is allowed and protected with EDP. This list shouldn’t include any servers listed in the Enterprise Internal Proxy Servers list, which are used for EDP-protected traffic. This setting is also required if you use a proxy in your network. If you don't have a proxy server, you might find that enterprise resources are unavailable when a client is behind a proxy, such as when you’re visiting another company and not on that company’s guest network. If you have multiple resources, you must separate them using the ";" delimiter. |
- | Enterprise Internal Proxy Server |
- proxy1.contoso.com;proxy2.contoso.com |
- Specify the proxy servers your cloud resources will go through. If you have multiple resources, you must use the ";" delimiter. |
+ Enterprise Internal Proxy Servers |
+ contoso.internalproxy1.com;contoso.internalproxy2.com |
+ Specify the proxy servers your devices will go through to reach your cloud resources. Using this server type indicates that the cloud resources you’re connecting to are enterprise resources. This list shouldn’t include any servers listed in the Enterprise Proxy Servers list, which are used for non-EDP-protected traffic. If you have multiple resources, you must separate them using the ";" delimiter. |
- | Enterprise IPv4 Range |
- **Starting IPv4 Address:** 3.4.0.1
**Ending IPv4 Address:** 3.4.255.254
**Custom URI:** 3.4.0.1-3.4.255.254,10.0.0.1-10.255.255.254 |
- Specify the addresses for a valid IPv4 value range within your intranet. If you are adding a single range, you can enter the starting and ending addresses into your management system’s UI. If you want to add multiple addresses, we suggest creating a Custom URI, using the "-" delimiter between start and end of a range, and the "," delimiter to separate ranges. |
+ Enterprise IPv4 Range (Required) |
+ **Starting IPv4 Address:** 3.4.0.1
**Ending IPv4 Address:** 3.4.255.254
**Custom URI:** 3.4.0.1-3.4.255.254,
10.0.0.1-10.255.255.254 |
+ Specify the addresses for a valid IPv4 value range within your intranet. These addresses, used with your Enterprise Network Domain Names, define your corporate network boundaries. If you have multiple ranges, you must separate them using the "," delimiter. |
| Enterprise IPv6 Range |
- **Starting IPv6 Address:** 2a01:110::
**Ending IPv6 Address:** 2a01:110:7fff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff
**Custom URI:** 2a01:110::-2a01:110:7fff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff,fd00::-fdff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff |
- Specify the addresses for a valid IPv6 value range within your intranet. If you are adding a single range, you can enter the starting and ending addresses into your management system’s UI. If you want to add multiple addresses, we suggest creating a Custom URI, using the "-" delimiter between start and end of a range, and the "," delimiter to separate ranges. |
-
+ **Starting IPv6 Address:** 2a01:110::
**Ending IPv6 Address:** 2a01:110:7fff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff
**Custom URI:** 2a01:110:7fff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff,
fd00::-fdff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff |
+ Specify the addresses for a valid IPv6 value range within your intranet. These addresses, used with your Enterprise Network Domain Names, define your corporate network boundaries. If you have multiple ranges, you must separate them using the "," delimiter. |
+
+
+ | Neutral Resources |
+ sts.contoso.com,sts.contoso2.com |
+ Specify your authentication redirection endpoints for your company. These locations are considered enterprise or personal, based on the context of the connection before the redirection. If you have multiple resources, you must separate them using the "," delimiter. |
+
- 
+3. Add as many locations as you need, and then click **OK**.
-2. Add as many locations as you need, and then click **OK**.
-The **Add or Edit Enterprise Network Locations box** closes.
+ The **Add or edit corporate network definition** box closes.
-3. In the **Use a data recovery certificate in case of data loss** box, click **Browse** to add a data recovery certificate for your policy.
-Adding a data recovery certificate helps you to access locally-protected files on the device. For example, if an employee leaves the company and the IT department has to access EDP-protected data from a Windows 10 company computer. This can also help recover data in case an employee's device is accidentally revoked. For more info about how to find and export your data recovery certificate, see the[Data Recovery and Encrypting File System (EFS)](http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkId=761462) topic.
+4. Decide if you want to Windows to look for additional network settings.
-## Choose your optional EDP-related settings
+ 
+
+ - **Enterprise Proxy Servers list is authoritative (do not auto-detect).** Click this box if you want Windows to treat the proxy servers you specified in the network boundary definition as the complete list of proxy servers available on your network. If you clear this box, Windows will search for additional proxy servers in your immediate network.
+
+ - **Enterprise IP Ranges list is authoritative (do not auto-detect).** Click this box if you want Windows to treat the IP ranges you specified in the network boundary definition as the complete list of IP ranges available on your network. If you clear this box, Windows will search for additional IP ranges on any domain-joined devices connected to your network.
+
+ - **Show the enterprise data protection icon overlay on your allowed apps that are EDP-unaware in the Windows Start menu and on corporate file icons in the File Explorer.** Click this box if you want the enterprise data protection icon overlay to appear on corporate files or in the Start menu, on top the tiles for your unenlightened protected apps.
+
+5. In the required **Upload a Data Recovery Agent (DRA) certificate to allow recovery of encrypted data** box, click **Browse** to add a data recovery certificate for your policy.
+
+ After you create and deploy your EDP policy to your employees, Windows will begin to encrypt your corporate data on the employees’ local device drive. If somehow the employees’ local encryption keys get lost or revoked, the encrypted data can become unrecoverable. To help avoid this possibility, the DRA certificate lets Windows use an included public key to encrypt the local data, while you maintain the private key that can unencrypt the data.
+
+ For more info about how to find and export your data recovery certificate, see the [Data Recovery and Encrypting File System (EFS)](http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkId=761462) topic.
+
+ 
+
+#### Create and verify an Encrypting File System (EFS) DRA certificate for EDP
+If you don’t already have an EFS DRA certificate, you’ll need to create and extract one from your system before you can use EDP in your organization. For the purposes of this section, we’ll use the file name EFSDRA; however, this name can be replaced with anything that makes sense to you.
+
+>**Important**
If you already have an EFS DRA certificate for your organization, you can skip creating a new one. Just use your current EFS DRA certificate in your policy.
+
+**To manually create an EFS DRA certificate**
+1. On a computer without an EFS DRA certificate installed, open a command prompt with elevated rights, and then navigate to where you want to store the certificate.
+2. Run this command:
+
+ `cipher /r:`
Where `` is the name of the .cer and .pfx files that you want to create.
+
+3. When prompted, type and confirm a password to help protect your new Personal Information Exchange (.pfx) file.
+
+ The EFSDRA.cer and EFSDRA.pfx files are created in the location you specified in Step 1.
+
+ **Important**
Because these files can be used to decrypt any EDP file, you must protect them accordingly. We highly recommend storing them as a public key (PKI) on a smart card with strong protection, stored in a secured physical location.
+
+4. Add your EFS DRA certificate to your EDP policy by using Step 3 of the [Choose where apps can access enterprise data](#choose-where-apps-can-access-enterprise-data) section of this topic.
+
+**To verify your data recovery certificate is correctly set up on an EDP client computer**
+1. Open an app on your protected app list, and then create and save a file so that it’s encrypted by EDP.
+
+2. Open a command prompt with elevated rights, navigate to where you stored the file you just created, and then run this command:
+
+ `cipher /c `
Where `` is the name of the file you created in Step 1.
+
+3. Make sure that your data recovery certificate is listed in the **Recovery Certificates** list.
+
+**To recover your data using the EFS DRA certificate in a test environment**
+1. Copy your EDP-encrypted file to a location where you have admin access.
+
+2. Install the EFSDRA.pfx file, using your password.
+
+3. Open a command prompt with elevated rights, navigate to the encrypted file, and then run this command:
+
+ `cipher /d `
Where `` is the name of your encrypted file. For example, corporatedata.docx.
+
+### Choose your optional EDP-related settings
After you've decided where your protected apps can access enterprise data on your network, you’ll be asked to decide if you want to add any optional EDP settings.
-**To add your optional settings**
-- Choose to set any or all of the optional EDP-related settings:
+
- - **Block the user from decrypting data that was created or edited by the apps configured above.** Clicking **No**, or leaving the setting blank, lets your employees right-click to decrypt their protected app data, along with the option to decrypt data in the **Save As** box and the **Save As** file picker . Clicking **Yes** removes the **Decrypt** option and saves all data for protected apps as enterprise-encrypted.
+**To set your optional settings**
+1. Choose to set any or all of the optional settings:
- - **Protect app content when the device is in a locked state for the apps configured above.** Clicking **Yes** lets EDP help to secure protected app content when a mobile device is locked. We recommend turning this option on to help prevent data leaks from things such as email text that appears on the **Lock** screen of a Windows 10 Mobile phone.
+ - **Show the Personal option in the File ownership menus of File Explorer and the Save As dialog box.** Determines whether users can see the Personal option for files within File Explorer and the **Save As** dialog box. The options are:
+
+ - **Yes, or not configured (recommended).** Employees can choose whether a file is **Work** or **Personal** in File Explorer and the **Save As** dialog box.
+
+ - **No.** Hides the **Personal** option from employees. Be aware that if you pick this option, apps that use the **Save As** dialog box might encrypt new files as corporate data unless a different file path is given during the original file creation. After this happens, decryption of work files becomes more difficult.
- 
+ - **Prevent corporate data from being accessed by apps when the device is locked. Applies only to Windows 10 Mobile**. Determines whether apps can show corporate data on a Windows 10 Mobile device **Lock** screen. The options are:
+
+ - **Yes (recommended).** Stop apps from reading corporate data on Windows 10 Mobile device when the screen is locked.
+
+ - **No, or not configured.** Allows apps to read corporate data on Windows 10 Mobile device when the screen is locked.
-## Review your configuration choices in the Summary screen
+ - **Allow Windows Search to search encrypted corporate data and Store apps.** Determines whether Windows Search can search and index encrypted corporate data and Store apps. The options are:
+
+ - **Yes.** Allows Windows Search to search and index encrypted corporate data and Store apps.
+
+ - **No, or not configured (recommended).** Stops Windows Search from searching and indexing encrypted corporate data and Store apps.
+
+ - **Revoke local encryption keys during the unerollment process.** Determines whether to revoke a user’s local encryption keys from a device when it’s unenrolled from enterprise data protection. If the encryption keys are revoked, a user no longer has access to encrypted corporate data. The options are:
+
+ - **Yes, or not configured (recommended).** Revokes local encryption keys from a device during unenrollment.
+
+ - **No.** Stop local encryption keys from being revoked from a device during unenrollment. For example, if you’re migrating between Mobile Device Management (MDM) solutions.
+
+2. After you pick all of the settings you want to include, click **Summary**.
+
+### Review your configuration choices in the Summary screen
After you've finished configuring your policy, you can review all of your info on the **Summary** screen.
**To view the Summary screen**
-- Click the **Summary** button to review your policy choices, and then click **Next** to finish and to save your policy.
-A progress bar appears, showing you progress for your policy. After it's done, click **Close** to return to the **Configuration Items** page.
+- Click the **Summary** button to review your policy choices, and then click **Next** to finish and to save your policy.
+
+ 
+
+ A progress bar appears, showing you progress for your policy. After it's done, click **Close** to return to the **Configuration Items** page.
- 
## Deploy the EDP policy
After you’ve created your EDP policy, you'll need to deploy it to your organization's devices. For info about your deployment options, see these topics:
@@ -283,7 +538,7 @@ After you’ve created your EDP policy, you'll need to deploy it to your organiz
- [How to Deploy Configuration Baselines in Configuration Manager]( http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkId=708226)
## Related topics
-- [System Center Configuration Manager and Endpoint Protection (Version 1511)](http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkId=717372)
+- [System Center Configuration Manager and Endpoint Protection (Version 1606)](http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkId=717372)
- [TechNet documentation for Configuration Manager](http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkId=691623)
- [Manage mobile devices with Configuration Manager and Microsoft Intune](http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkId=691624)
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/dynamic-access-control.md b/windows/keep-secure/dynamic-access-control.md
index c3cdcb2c32..643a78aa1c 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/dynamic-access-control.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/dynamic-access-control.md
@@ -132,16 +132,8 @@ If clients do not recognize Dynamic Access Control, there must be a two-way trus
If claims are transformed when they leave a forest, all domain controllers in the user’s forest root must be set at the Windows Server 2012 or higher functional level.
-A file server running Windows Server 2012 or Windows Server 2012 R2 must have a Group Policy setting that specifies whether it needs to get user claims for user tokens that do not carry claims. This setting is set by default to **Automatic**, which results in this Group Policy setting to be turned **On** if there is a central policy that contains user or device claims for that file server. If the file server contains discretionary ACLs that include user claims, you need to set this Group Policy to **On** so that the server knows to request claims on behalf of users that do not provide claims when they access the server.
-
-## Additional resource
-
-[Access control overview](access-control.md)
-
-
-
-
-
-
+A file server running a server operating system that supports Dyamic Access Control must have a Group Policy setting that specifies whether it needs to get user claims for user tokens that do not carry claims. This setting is set by default to **Automatic**, which results in this Group Policy setting to be turned **On** if there is a central policy that contains user or device claims for that file server. If the file server contains discretionary ACLs that include user claims, you need to set this Group Policy to **On** so that the server knows to request claims on behalf of users that do not provide claims when they access the server.
+## See also
+- [Access control overview](access-control.md)
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-1102.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-1102.md
index ed03fdf472..388c844391 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-1102.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-1102.md
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ This event generates every time Windows Security audit log was cleared.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that cleared the system security audit log. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that cleared the system security audit log.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4611.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4611.md
index 4cd9e414e5..a60837e067 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4611.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4611.md
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ You typically see these events during operating system startup or user logon and
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that registered the trusted logon process. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that registered the trusted logon process.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4616.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4616.md
index 3be067d588..c1a78f4055 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4616.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4616.md
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ You will typically see these events with “**Subject\\Security ID**” = “**L
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “change system time” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “change system time” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4624.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4624.md
index 3cb4f0c190..69598d3991 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4624.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4624.md
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ This event generates when a logon session is created (on destination machine). I
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that reported information about successful logon or invokes it. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that reported information about successful logon.
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ This event generates when a logon session is created (on destination machine). I
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account for which logon was performed. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account for which logon was performed.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4625.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4625.md
index 9a040ff053..a615f8b796 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4625.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4625.md
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ This event generates on domain controllers, member servers, and workstations.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that reported information about logon failure. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that reported information about logon failure.
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ This event generates on domain controllers, member servers, and workstations.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of the account that was specified in the logon attempt. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that was specified in the logon attempt.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4626.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4626.md
index 83fa8fe837..68599c7060 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4626.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4626.md
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ This event generates on the computer to which the logon was performed (target co
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that reported information about claims. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that reported information about claims.
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ This event generates on the computer to which the logon was performed (target co
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account for which logon was performed. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account for which logon was performed.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4627.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4627.md
index 811fd6f830..88500872dc 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4627.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4627.md
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ Multiple events are generated if the group membership information cannot fit in
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that reported information about successful logon or invokes it. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that reported information about successful logon or invokes it.
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ Multiple events are generated if the group membership information cannot fit in
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account for which logon was performed. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account for which logon was performed.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4634.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4634.md
index 10b678d329..d84431bf79 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4634.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4634.md
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ It may be positively correlated with a “[4624](event-4624.md): An account was
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that was logged off. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that was logged off.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4647.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4647.md
index 16537024f3..21155852f6 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4647.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4647.md
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ It may be positively correlated with a “[4624](event-4624.md): An account was
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “logoff” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “logoff” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4648.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4648.md
index 0f371abb75..48250044e9 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4648.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4648.md
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ It is also a routine event which periodically occurs during normal operating sys
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the new logon session with explicit credentials. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the new logon session with explicit credentials.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4656.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4656.md
index b7e3893812..7c7116e953 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4656.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4656.md
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ This event shows that access was requested, and the results of the request, but
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested a handle to an object. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested a handle to an object.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4657.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4657.md
index 5b669ccb0d..31aa191a81 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4657.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4657.md
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ This event generates only if “Set Value" auditing is set in registry key’s [
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “modify registry value” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “modify registry value” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4658.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4658.md
index 3de6b3da02..9dd8b57d2e 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4658.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4658.md
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ Typically this event is needed if you need to know how long the handle to the ob
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “close object’s handle” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “close object’s handle” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4660.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4660.md
index 901bc15ae8..3b0fccc294 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4660.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4660.md
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ The advantage of this event is that it’s generated only during real delete ope
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “delete object” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “delete object” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4661.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4661.md
index 278c77f651..6485f5b65a 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4661.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4661.md
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ This event generates only if Success auditing is enabled for the [Audit Handle M
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested a handle to an object. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested a handle to an object.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4662.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4662.md
index 83640072e0..3dd3acf69f 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4662.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4662.md
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ You will get one 4662 for each operation type which was performed.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4663.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4663.md
index 46cdac8cb0..0ba031b8a9 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4663.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4663.md
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ The main difference with “[4656](event-4656.md): A handle to an object was req
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that made an attempt to access an object. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that made an attempt to access an object.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4664.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4664.md
index a62808d16d..f25e16f565 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4664.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4664.md
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ This event generates when an NTFS hard link was successfully created.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that made an attempt to create the hard link. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that made an attempt to create the hard link.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4670.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4670.md
index a7de5be046..61af502eb4 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4670.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4670.md
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ Before this event can generate, certain ACEs might need to be set in the object
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “change object’s permissions” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “change object’s permissions” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4672.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4672.md
index bf0fff94de..fba1851afe 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4672.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4672.md
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ You typically will see many of these events in the event log, because every logo
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account to which special privileges were assigned. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account to which special privileges were assigned.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4673.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4673.md
index 5282a6658e..6ef7b29b77 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4673.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4673.md
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ Failure event generates when service call attempt fails.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested privileged operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested privileged operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4674.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4674.md
index 41518d4e2b..d4a8792d03 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4674.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4674.md
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ Failure event generates when operation attempt fails.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested privileged operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested privileged operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4675.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4675.md
index dc8a19e120..ef1b726917 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4675.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4675.md
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ This event generates when SIDs were filtered for specific Active Directory trust
See more information about SID filtering here: .
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
There is no example of this event in this document.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4688.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4688.md
index b152e305fb..d7d29f4334 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4688.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4688.md
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ This event generates every time a new process starts.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “create process” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “create process” operation.
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ This event generates every time a new process starts.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\] \[Version 2\]**:** SID of target account. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\] \[Version 2\]**:** the name of the target account.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4689.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4689.md
index e5f97fe698..bbfbbe6382 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4689.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4689.md
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ This event generates every time a process has exited.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “terminate process” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “terminate process” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4690.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4690.md
index d7ac11d773..3ca6589561 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4690.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4690.md
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ This event generates if an attempt was made to duplicate a handle to an object.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that made an attempt to duplicate a handle to an object. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that made an attempt to duplicate a handle to an object.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4691.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4691.md
index ba22553755..cd0e7d930c 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4691.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4691.md
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ These events are generated for [ALPC Ports](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/lib
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested an access to the object. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested an access to the object.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4692.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4692.md
index aba10585e3..4bd3aec488 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4692.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4692.md
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ Failure event generates when a Master Key backup operation fails for some reason
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested backup operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested backup operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4693.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4693.md
index 3134110a5c..c3563c431a 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4693.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4693.md
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ Failure event generates when a Master Key restore operation fails for some reaso
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “recover” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “recover” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4696.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4696.md
index e4746f74c9..ced7a1d990 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4696.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4696.md
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ This event generates every time a process runs using the non-current access toke
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “assign token to process” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “assign token to process” operation.
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ This event generates every time a process runs using the non-current access toke
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account through which the security token will be assigned to the new process. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account through which the security token will be assigned to the new process.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4697.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4697.md
index 0213aa9f0a..2493207abb 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4697.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4697.md
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ This event generates when new service was installed in the system.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that was used to install the service. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that was used to install the service.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4698.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4698.md
index 5d522281cb..495d00ad2f 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4698.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4698.md
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ This event generates every time a new scheduled task is created.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “create scheduled task” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “create scheduled task” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4699.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4699.md
index a1c58890d6..885f708f76 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4699.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4699.md
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ This event generates every time a scheduled task was deleted.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “delete scheduled task” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “delete scheduled task” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4700.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4700.md
index fa5a54c164..97ec3d2bcf 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4700.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4700.md
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ This event generates every time a scheduled task is enabled.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “enable scheduled task” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “enable scheduled task” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4701.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4701.md
index 5c1cafe14f..7997ce6cf3 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4701.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4701.md
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ This event generates every time a scheduled task is disabled.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “enable scheduled task” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “enable scheduled task” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4702.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4702.md
index 3d0071fd39..0fb4d69eea 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4702.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4702.md
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ This event generates every time scheduled task was updated/changed.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “change/update scheduled task” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “change/update scheduled task” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4703.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4703.md
index bdce298519..154f3a9fe6 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4703.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4703.md
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ Token privileges provide the ability to take certain system-level actions that y
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “enable” or “disable” operation for **Target Account** privileges. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “enable” or “disable” operation for **Target Account** privileges.
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ Token privileges provide the ability to take certain system-level actions that y
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account for which privileges were enabled or disabled. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account for which privileges were enabled or disabled.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4704.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4704.md
index ee98fd4712..234edaa3ac 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4704.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4704.md
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ You will see unique event for every user.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that made a change to local user right policy. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that made a change to local user right policy.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4705.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4705.md
index 7a5f1008fc..007bdc4ec3 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4705.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4705.md
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ You will see unique event for every user.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that made a change to local user right policy. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that made a change to local user right policy.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4706.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4706.md
index c6eba5f6a8..3eb6bdda15 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4706.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4706.md
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ This event is generated only on domain controllers.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “create domain trust” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “create domain trust” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4707.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4707.md
index 9a77188b80..011e640b52 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4707.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4707.md
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ This event is generated only on domain controllers.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “remove domain trust” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “remove domain trust” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4713.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4713.md
index f87013f4a6..482ad0768e 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4713.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4713.md
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ This event is generated only on domain controllers.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that made a change to Kerberos policy. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that made a change to Kerberos policy.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4715.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4715.md
index d0e5dd0ef3..fea15f35d7 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4715.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4715.md
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ This event is always logged regardless of the "Audit Policy Change" sub-category
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “change local audit policy security descriptor (SACL)” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “change local audit policy security descriptor (SACL)” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4716.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4716.md
index 373d14519b..8140c94b16 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4716.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4716.md
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ This event is generated only on domain controllers.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “modify domain trust settings” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “modify domain trust settings” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4717.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4717.md
index dbe74fada2..476501f806 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4717.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4717.md
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ You will see unique event for every user if logon user rights were granted to mu
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that made a change to local logon right user policy. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that made a change to local logon right user policy.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4718.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4718.md
index 44f5fc4624..af30328c64 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4718.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4718.md
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ You will see unique event for every user if logon user rights were removed for m
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that made a change to local logon right user policy. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that made a change to local logon right user policy.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4719.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4719.md
index 7a274992c8..69b248ec50 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4719.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4719.md
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ This event is always logged regardless of the "Audit Policy Change" sub-category
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that made a change to local audit policy. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that made a change to local audit policy.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4720.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4720.md
index 157b9b01a3..d333e12f03 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4720.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4720.md
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ This event generates on domain controllers, member servers, and workstations.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “create user account” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “create user account” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4722.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4722.md
index 6c96fd0b4a..37b03dbe77 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4722.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4722.md
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ For computer accounts, this event generates only on domain controllers.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “enable account” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “enable account” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4723.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4723.md
index 8c23919260..cf74611ba8 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4723.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4723.md
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ Typically you will see 4723 events with the same **Subject\\Security ID** and **
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that made an attempt to change Target’s Account password. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that made an attempt to change Target’s Account password.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4724.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4724.md
index 977955100e..f0257228f4 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4724.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4724.md
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ For local accounts, a Failure event generates if the new password fails to meet
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that made an attempt to reset Target’s Account password. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that made an attempt to reset Target’s Account password.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4725.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4725.md
index 7dacfe0813..b5926a2941 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4725.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4725.md
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ For computer accounts, this event generates only on domain controllers.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “disable account” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “disable account” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4726.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4726.md
index ab110e118d..b27daa7dd0 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4726.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4726.md
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ This event generates on domain controllers, member servers, and workstations.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “delete user account” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “delete user account” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4731.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4731.md
index 0f6116aca5..b92e02d280 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4731.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4731.md
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ This event generates on domain controllers, member servers, and workstations.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “create group” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “create group” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4732.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4732.md
index f688280574..41cf2a4a08 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4732.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4732.md
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ You will typically see “[4735](event-4735.md): A security-enabled local group
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “add member to the group” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “add member to the group” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4733.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4733.md
index b2de4567ac..40629bb96c 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4733.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4733.md
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ You will typically see “[4735](event-4735.md): A security-enabled local group
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “remove member from the group” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “remove member from the group” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4734.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4734.md
index 023be2969c..120da30815 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4734.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4734.md
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ This event generates on domain controllers, member servers, and workstations.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “delete group” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “delete group” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4735.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4735.md
index b6dac600b9..928905449d 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4735.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4735.md
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ From 4735 event you can get information about changes of **sAMAccountName** and
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “change group” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “change group” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4738.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4738.md
index 98f22cb17c..f2992c4a97 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4738.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4738.md
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ Some changes do not invoke a 4738 event.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “change user account” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “change user account” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4739.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4739.md
index b5873a99e3..8b692f1ea3 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4739.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4739.md
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ This event generates when one of the following changes was made to local compute
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that made a change to specific local policy. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that made a change to specific local policy.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4740.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4740.md
index 7ab01449c8..7e35c73f98 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4740.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4740.md
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ For user accounts, this event generates on domain controllers, member servers, a
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that performed the lockout operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that performed the lockout operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4741.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4741.md
index 52d8a70a84..ed9cddfc2c 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4741.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4741.md
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ This event generates only on domain controllers.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “create Computer object” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “create Computer object” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4742.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4742.md
index b09dba8333..9f318856ed 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4742.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4742.md
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ You might see this event without any changes inside, that is, where all **Change
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “change Computer object” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “change Computer object” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4743.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4743.md
index 42f7e90f14..beaa8afbe9 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4743.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4743.md
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ This event generates only on domain controllers.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “delete Computer object” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “delete Computer object” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4749.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4749.md
index 321a4a3e52..d2c6a567d6 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4749.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4749.md
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ This event generates only on domain controllers.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “create group” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “create group” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4750.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4750.md
index 17f5d8eb84..206195ae89 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4750.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4750.md
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ From 4750 event you can get information about changes of **sAMAccountName** and
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “change group” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “change group” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4751.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4751.md
index ea37165fce..8f224051a1 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4751.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4751.md
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ You will typically see “[4750](event-4750.md): A security-disabled global grou
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “add member to the group” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “add member to the group” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4752.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4752.md
index 28d38b44a5..d9ef0f8d52 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4752.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4752.md
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ For every removed member you will get separate 4752 event.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “remove member from the group” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “remove member from the group” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4753.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4753.md
index 5cc018f286..c8375231e2 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4753.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4753.md
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ This event generates only on domain controllers.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “delete group” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “delete group” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4764.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4764.md
index e5bcc13c9a..3942742122 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4764.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4764.md
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ This event generates only on domain controllers.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “change group type” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “change group type” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4767.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4767.md
index a189b84db0..7eb768b001 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4767.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4767.md
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ For user accounts, this event generates on domain controllers, member servers, a
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that performed the unlock operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that performed the unlock operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4768.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4768.md
index edcc1952bc..48c81eea57 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4768.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4768.md
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ This event doesn't generate for **Result Codes**: 0x10, 0x17 and 0x18. Event “
- **NULL SID** – this value shows in [4768](event-4768.md) Failure events.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
**Service Information:**
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4769.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4769.md
index ecb3b28900..e41de7fd26 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4769.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4769.md
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ You will typically see many Failure events with **Failure Code** “**0x20**”,
- **NULL SID** – this value shows in Failure events.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
**Network Information:**
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4770.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4770.md
index 1c353eb67f..65966234c0 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4770.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4770.md
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ This event generates only on domain controllers.
- **Service ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of the account or computer object for which the TGS ticket was renewed. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
**Network Information:**
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4771.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4771.md
index ae81985175..233040c8f3 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4771.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4771.md
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ This event is not generated if “Do not require Kerberos preauthentication” o
For example: CONTOSO\\dadmin or CONTOSO\\WIN81$.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name:** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of account, for which (TGT) ticket was requested. Computer account name ends with **$** character.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4781.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4781.md
index 34064992de..fa151fbb39 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4781.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4781.md
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ For computer accounts, this event generates only on domain controllers.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that performed the “change account name” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that performed the “change account name” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4782.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4782.md
index 6d0804b3b3..2c04b9ab81 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4782.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4782.md
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ Typically **“Subject\\Security ID”** is the SYSTEM account.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested hash migration operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested hash migration operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4793.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4793.md
index 079c4317df..ea2cc8090b 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4793.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4793.md
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ Note that starting with Microsoft SQL Server 2005, the “SQL Server password po
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested Password Policy Checking API operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested Password Policy Checking API operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4794.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4794.md
index c3ce16e165..131254b61b 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4794.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4794.md
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ This event generates only on domain controllers.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that made an attempt to set Directory Services Restore Mode administrator password. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that made an attempt to set Directory Services Restore Mode administrator password.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4798.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4798.md
index 3423f5319b..3d3ddee0ce 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4798.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4798.md
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ This event generates when a process enumerates a user's security-enabled local g
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “enumerate user's security-enabled local groups” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “enumerate user's security-enabled local groups” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4799.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4799.md
index 2084212f59..686f00f99f 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4799.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4799.md
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ This event doesn't generate when group members were enumerated using Active Dire
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “enumerate security-enabled local group members” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “enumerate security-enabled local group members” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4800.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4800.md
index 3eb3482649..30cddc53d4 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4800.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4800.md
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ This event is generated when a workstation was locked.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “lock workstation” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “lock workstation” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4801.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4801.md
index b0b69a6e24..274fd1ba5c 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4801.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4801.md
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ This event is generated when workstation was unlocked.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “unlock workstation” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “unlock workstation” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4802.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4802.md
index 691f558b08..ebce359a9c 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4802.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4802.md
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ This event is generated when screen saver was invoked.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “invoke screensaver” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “invoke screensaver” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4803.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4803.md
index 8cfb6407c8..62ffc7f753 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4803.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4803.md
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ This event is generated when screen saver was dismissed.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “dismiss screensaver” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “dismiss screensaver” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4817.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4817.md
index c1bc5e42d5..7980c341af 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4817.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4817.md
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ Separate events will be generated for “Registry” and “File system” polic
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that made a change to Global Object Access Auditing policy. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that made a change to Global Object Access Auditing policy.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4818.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4818.md
index f219c35d82..aad25bb594 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4818.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4818.md
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ This event generates when Dynamic Access Control Proposed [Central Access Policy
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that made an access request. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that made an access request.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4819.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4819.md
index b9311464ea..5ef9d2b4dc 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4819.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4819.md
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ For example, it generates when a new [Central Access Policy](https://technet.mic
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that changed the Central Access Policies on the machine. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that changed the Central Access Policies on the machine.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4826.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4826.md
index fd9ab17f16..989ba1f6e1 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4826.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4826.md
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ This event is always logged regardless of the "Audit Other Policy Change Events"
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that reported this event. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event. Always “S-1-5-18” for this event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that reported this event. Always “-“ for this event.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4865.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4865.md
index 90f686c80b..fc96c3a543 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4865.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4865.md
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ This event is generated only on domain controllers.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “add a trusted forest information entry” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “add a trusted forest information entry” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4866.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4866.md
index 1fc701f4d1..45e828eb01 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4866.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4866.md
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ This event is generated only on domain controllers.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “remove a trusted forest information entry” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “remove a trusted forest information entry” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4867.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4867.md
index 57fc10f7da..376f18a47f 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4867.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4867.md
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ This event contains new values only, it doesn’t contains old values and it doe
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “modify/change a trusted forest information entry” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “modify/change a trusted forest information entry” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4904.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4904.md
index 85d903d952..a3d21b731a 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4904.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4904.md
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ You can typically see this event during system startup, if specific roles (Inter
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that made an attempt to register a security event source. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that made an attempt to register a security event source.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4905.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4905.md
index 1bc58fabcc..0cb79afd08 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4905.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4905.md
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ You typically see this event if specific roles were removed, for example, Intern
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that made an attempt to unregister a security event source. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that made an attempt to unregister a security event source.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4907.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4907.md
index 0867cad21e..a7c610e28a 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4907.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4907.md
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ This event doesn't generate for Active Directory objects.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that made a change to object’s auditing settings. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that made a change to object’s auditing settings.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4908.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4908.md
index c76f86b814..dfe71ca9a8 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4908.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4908.md
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ More information about Special Groups auditing can be found here:
**Special Groups** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** contains current list of SIDs (groups or accounts) which are members of Special Groups. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
“HKEY\_LOCAL\_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\ControlSet001\\Control\\Lsa\\Audit\\SpecialGroups” registry value contains current list of SIDs which are included in Special Groups:
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4911.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4911.md
index 20a174c857..173c322a13 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4911.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4911.md
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ Resource attributes for file or folder can be changed, for example, using Window
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that changed the resource attributes of the file system object. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that changed the resource attributes of the file system object.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4912.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4912.md
index bc9856672a..269bdcd27d 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4912.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4912.md
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ This event is always logged regardless of the "Audit Policy Change" sub-category
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that made a change to per-user audit policy. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that made a change to per-user audit policy.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4913.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4913.md
index 96a27d5f9f..bab7781b60 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4913.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4913.md
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ This event always generates, regardless of the object’s [SACL](https://msdn.mi
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that changed the Central Access Policy on the object. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that changed the Central Access Policy on the object.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4964.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4964.md
index 96d32ccc21..6c989c94e3 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4964.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4964.md
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ This event occurs when an account that is a member of any defined [Special Group
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested logon for **New Logon** account. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested logon for **New Logon** account.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-4985.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-4985.md
index f9737372fc..914a8b1dfe 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-4985.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-4985.md
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ This is an informational event from file system [Transaction Manager](https://ms
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account through which the state of the transaction was changed. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that changed the state of the transaction.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-5058.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-5058.md
index b8b0f16ef4..0f645ddfd2 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-5058.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-5058.md
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ You can see these events, for example, during certificate renewal or export oper
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested key file operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested key file operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-5059.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-5059.md
index 3a1b397f62..f07301148a 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-5059.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-5059.md
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ This event generates when a cryptographic key is exported or imported using a [K
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested key migration operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested key migration operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-5061.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-5061.md
index 886a4d7aba..47baeb41ab 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-5061.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-5061.md
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ This event generates when a cryptographic operation (open key, create key, creat
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested specific cryptographic operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested specific cryptographic operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-5136.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-5136.md
index 3350dca361..7ff77e2c64 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-5136.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-5136.md
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ For a change operation you will typically see two 5136 events for one action, wi
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “modify object” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “modify object” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-5137.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-5137.md
index 892245d530..6811c8a0cf 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-5137.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-5137.md
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ This event only generates if the parent object has a particular entry in its [SA
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “create object” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “create object” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-5138.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-5138.md
index 84e80ff027..74f1c3211e 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-5138.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-5138.md
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ This event only generates if the container to which the Active Directory object
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested that the object be undeleted or restored. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** name of account that requested that the object be undeleted or restored.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-5139.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-5139.md
index 7399a33b15..e596740636 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-5139.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-5139.md
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ This event only generates if the destination object has a particular entry in it
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “move object” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “move object” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-5140.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-5140.md
index be40b7a2d5..44b1805626 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-5140.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-5140.md
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ This event generates once per session, when first access attempt was made.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested access to network share object. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested access to network share object.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-5141.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-5141.md
index 238b70281d..6ead5872b1 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-5141.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-5141.md
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ This event only generates if the deleted object has a particular entry in its [S
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “delete object” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “delete object” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-5142.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-5142.md
index 418a6387f7..b9b90bbcae 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-5142.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-5142.md
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ This event generates every time network share object was added.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “add network share object” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “add network share object” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-5143.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-5143.md
index 30c4977b0c..1ed2dbad97 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-5143.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-5143.md
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ This event generates every time network share object was modified.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “modify network share object” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “modify network share object” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-5144.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-5144.md
index d74e6e0c0e..ae5d2876a3 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-5144.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-5144.md
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ This event generates every time a network share object is deleted.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “delete network share object” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “delete network share object” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-5145.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-5145.md
index 1370cc6fe1..5982d03bce 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-5145.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-5145.md
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ This event generates every time network share object (file or folder) was access
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested access to network share object. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested access to network share object.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-5168.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-5168.md
index 44c9fe20cc..dd270b6b5f 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-5168.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-5168.md
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ It often happens because of NTLMv1 or LM protocols usage from client side when
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account for which SPN check operation was failed. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account for which SPN check operation was failed.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-5376.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-5376.md
index 16034db84c..0b315361cf 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-5376.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-5376.md
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ This event generates on domain controllers, member servers, and workstations.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that performed the backup operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that performed the backup operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-5377.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-5377.md
index c50b35c2f4..48cda08bc0 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-5377.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-5377.md
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ This event generates on domain controllers, member servers, and workstations.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that performed the restore operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that performed the restore operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-5378.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-5378.md
index 066229425a..ed01eb2676 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-5378.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-5378.md
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ It typically occurs when [CredSSP](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc22
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested credentials delegation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested credentials delegation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-5888.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-5888.md
index 4e35780a9c..cb5a4a5432 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-5888.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-5888.md
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ For some reason this event belongs to [Audit System Integrity](event-5890.md) su
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “modify/change object” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “modify/change object” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-5889.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-5889.md
index 7e24a156f3..a49c9b83d0 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-5889.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-5889.md
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ For some reason this event belongs to [Audit System Integrity](event-5890.md) su
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “delete object” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “delete object” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-5890.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-5890.md
index 896689a521..3618c15b54 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-5890.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-5890.md
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ For some reason this event belongs to [Audit System Integrity](event-5890.md) su
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that requested the “add object” operation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that requested the “add object” operation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-6416.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-6416.md
index 9f93d86eb0..3b770a8e88 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-6416.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-6416.md
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ This event generates, for example, when a new external device is connected or en
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that registered the new device. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that registered the new device.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-6419.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-6419.md
index b874b2ea54..9dffec1741 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-6419.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-6419.md
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ This event doesn’t mean that device was disabled.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that made the request. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that made the request.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-6420.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-6420.md
index ec339814ea..0ff9a1dab6 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-6420.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-6420.md
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ This event generates every time specific device was disabled.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that disabled the device. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that disabled the device.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-6421.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-6421.md
index ea9ce9c6a5..cf2110f150 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-6421.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-6421.md
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ This event doesn’t mean that device was enabled.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that made the request. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that made the request.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-6422.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-6422.md
index fb59fad3bf..c0eec81d34 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-6422.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-6422.md
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ This event generates every time specific device was enabled.
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that enabled the device. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that enabled the device.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/event-6423.md b/windows/keep-secure/event-6423.md
index 09e75dc4cd..0e43d751c3 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/event-6423.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/event-6423.md
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ Device installation restriction group policies are located here: **\\Computer Co
- **Security ID** \[Type = SID\]**:** SID of account that forbids the device installation. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.
-> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security Identifiers](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379571(v=vs.85).aspx).
+> **Note** A **security identifier (SID)** is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see [Security identifiers](security-identifiers.md).
- **Account Name** \[Type = UnicodeString\]**:** the name of the account that forbids the device installation.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-add-network-domain.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-add-network-domain.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..505a3ca5fe
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diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-addapplockerfile.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-addapplockerfile.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..36d4508747
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diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-adddesktopapp.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-adddesktopapp.png
index 5ceed9bc66..18b1970f81 100644
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diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-additionalsettings.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-additionalsettings.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3bd31c8e27
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diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-adduniversalapp.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-adduniversalapp.png
index bd5009afdc..cd8b78c72d 100644
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diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-appmgmt.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-appmgmt.png
index 0a9d23f405..52a6ef5fd9 100644
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diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-corp-identity.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-corp-identity.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..940d60acf1
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diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-devicesettings.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-devicesettings.png
index 3056cc1c96..1573ef06d7 100644
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diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-dra.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-dra.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d823ecb78d
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diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-generalscreen.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-generalscreen.png
index 788cef4b8a..e0013f5b2d 100644
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diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-network-domain.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-network-domain.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0fff54b6d2
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diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-optsettings.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-optsettings.png
index d786610c07..65365356da 100644
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diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-primarydomain2.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-primarydomain2.png
deleted file mode 100644
index 5cb9990baf..0000000000
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diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-summaryscreen.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-summaryscreen.png
index 2e9d7b138b..2cbb827d7a 100644
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diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-supportedplat.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-supportedplat.png
index dc72f15692..7add4926a9 100644
Binary files a/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-supportedplat.png and b/windows/keep-secure/images/edp-sccm-supportedplat.png differ
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/intune-applocker-before-begin.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/intune-applocker-before-begin.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3f6a79c8d6
Binary files /dev/null and b/windows/keep-secure/images/intune-applocker-before-begin.png differ
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/intune-applocker-permissions.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/intune-applocker-permissions.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..901c861793
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diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/intune-applocker-publisher-with-app.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/intune-applocker-publisher-with-app.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..29f08e03f0
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diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/intune-applocker-publisher.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/intune-applocker-publisher.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..42da98610a
Binary files /dev/null and b/windows/keep-secure/images/intune-applocker-publisher.png differ
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/intune-applocker-select-apps.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/intune-applocker-select-apps.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..38ba06d474
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diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/intune-local-security-export.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/intune-local-security-export.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..56b27c2387
Binary files /dev/null and b/windows/keep-secure/images/intune-local-security-export.png differ
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/intune-local-security-snapin-updated.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/intune-local-security-snapin-updated.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d794b8976c
Binary files /dev/null and b/windows/keep-secure/images/intune-local-security-snapin-updated.png differ
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/images/intune-local-security-snapin.png b/windows/keep-secure/images/intune-local-security-snapin.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..492f3fc50a
Binary files /dev/null and b/windows/keep-secure/images/intune-local-security-snapin.png differ
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/local-accounts.md b/windows/keep-secure/local-accounts.md
index 3507e2b4cb..3e94ade971 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/local-accounts.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/local-accounts.md
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ This topic describes the following:
- [Create unique passwords for local accounts with administrative rights](#sec-create-unique-passwords)
-For information about security principals, see [Security Principals Technical Overview](security-principals.md).
+For information about security principals, see [Security Principals](security-principals.md).
## Default local user accounts
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ As a security best practice, use your local (non-Administrator) account to sign
In comparison, on the Windows client operating system, a user with a local user account that has Administrator rights is considered the system administrator of the client computer. The first local user account that is created during installation is placed in the local Administrators group. However, when multiple users run as local administrators, the IT staff has no control over these users or their client computers.
-In this case, Group Policy can be used to enable secure settings that can control the use of the local Administrators group automatically on every server or client computer. For more information about Group Policy, see [Group Policy Overview](http://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh831791.aspx) and [Group Policy](http://technet.microsoft.com/windowsserver/bb310732.aspx).
+In this case, Group Policy can be used to enable secure settings that can control the use of the local Administrators group automatically on every server or client computer. For more information about Group Policy, see [Group Policy Overview](http://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh831791.aspx).
**Note**
Blank passwords are not allowed in the versions designated in the **Applies To** list at the beginning of this topic.
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ The security identifiers (SIDs) that pertain to the default HelpAssistant accoun
For the Windows Server operating system, Remote Assistance is an optional component that is not installed by default. You must install Remote Assistance before it can be used.
-In comparison, for the Windows client operating system, the HelpAssistant account is enabled on installation by default. For more information about remote desktop connections for those client operating systems designated in the **Applies To** list at the beginning of this topic, see [Enable Remote Desktop](http://technet.microsoft.com/library/dd744299.aspx).
+In comparison, for the Windows client operating system, the HelpAssistant account is enabled on installation by default.
## Default local system accounts
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ In addition, UAC can require administrators to specifically approve applications
For example, a default feature of UAC is shown when a local account signs in from a remote computer by using Network logon (for example, by using NET.EXE USE). In this instance, it is issued a standard user token with no administrative rights, but with the ability to request or receive elevation. Consequently, local accounts that sign in by using Network logon cannot access administrative shares such as C$, or ADMIN$, or perform any remote administration.
-For summary information about UAC, see [User Account Control](http://technet.microsoft.com/library/cc731416.aspx). For detailed information about special conditions when you use UAC, see [User Account Control](http://technet.microsoft.com/library/cc772207.aspx).
+For more information about UAC, see [User Account Control](user-account-control-overview.md).
The following table shows the Group Policy and registry settings that are used to enforce local account restrictions for remote access.
@@ -384,10 +384,7 @@ The following table shows the Group Policy settings that are used to deny networ
|
Policy name |
-[Deny log on through Remote Desktop Services](deny-log-on-through-remote-desktop-services.md)
-(Windows Server 2008 R2 and later.)
-Deny logon through Terminal Services
-(Windows Server 2008) |
+[Deny log on through Remote Desktop Services](deny-log-on-through-remote-desktop-services.md) |
|
@@ -437,23 +434,16 @@ The following table shows the Group Policy settings that are used to deny networ
1. Navigate to Computer Configuration\\Policies\\Windows Settings and Local Policies, and then click **User Rights Assignment**.
- **Note**
- Depending on the Windows operating system, you can choose the name of the Remote Interactive logon user right.
+ 2. Double-click **Deny log on through Remote Desktop Services**, and then select **Define these settings**.
-
-
- 2. On computers that run Windows Server 2008, double-click **Deny logon through Terminal Services**, and then select **Define these policy settings**.
-
- 3. On computers running Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows Server 2012, and Windows Server 2008 R2, double-click **Deny logon through Remote Desktop Services**, and then select **Define these settings**.
-
- 4. Click **Add User or Group**, type the user name of the default Administrator account, and > **OK**. (The default name is Administrator on US English installations, but it can be renamed either by policy or manually.
+ 3. Click **Add User or Group**, type the user name of the default Administrator account, and > **OK**. (The default name is Administrator on US English installations, but it can be renamed either by policy or manually.
**Important**
In the **User and group names** box, type the user name of the account that you identified at the start of this process. Do not click **Browse** and do not type the domain name or the local computer name in this dialog box. For example, type only **Administrator**. If the text that you typed resolves to a name that is underlined or includes a domain name, it restricts the wrong account and causes this mitigation to work incorrectly. Also, be careful that you do not enter the group name Administrator because this also blocks domain accounts in that group.
- 5. For any additional local accounts in the Administrators group on all of the workstations that you are setting up, click **Add User or Group**, type the user names of these accounts in the dialog box in the same manner as the previous step, and > **OK**.
+ 4. For any additional local accounts in the Administrators group on all of the workstations that you are setting up, click **Add User or Group**, type the user names of these accounts in the dialog box in the same manner as the previous step, and > **OK**.
8. Link the GPO to the first **Workstations** OU as follows:
@@ -498,16 +488,8 @@ Passwords can be randomized by:
The following resources provide additional information about technologies that are related to local accounts.
-- [Security Principals Technical Overview](security-principals.md)
+- [Security Principals](security-principals.md)
-- [Security Identifiers Technical Overview](security-identifiers.md)
+- [Security Identifiers](security-identifiers.md)
- [Access Control Overview](access-control.md)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/microsoft-accounts.md b/windows/keep-secure/microsoft-accounts.md
index 2c38dba1d0..6fe85fb192 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/microsoft-accounts.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/microsoft-accounts.md
@@ -155,14 +155,6 @@ Within your organization, you can set application control policies to regulate a
## See also
+- [Managing Privacy: Using a Microsoft Account to Logon and Resulting Internet Communication](https://technet.microsoft.com/library/jj884082(v=ws.11).aspx)
-[Managing Privacy: Using a Microsoft Account to Logon and Resulting Internet Communication](https://technet.microsoft.com/library/jj884082(v=ws.11).aspx)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+- [Access Control Overview](access-control.md)
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/overview-create-edp-policy.md b/windows/keep-secure/overview-create-edp-policy.md
index 0ca5b7cbd1..c3d579d372 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/overview-create-edp-policy.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/overview-create-edp-policy.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
title: Create an enterprise data protection (EDP) policy (Windows 10)
-description: Microsoft Intune and System Center Configuration Manager (version 1511 or later) helps you create and deploy your enterprise data protection (EDP) policy, including letting you choose your protected apps, your EDP-protection level, and how to find enterprise data on the network.
+description: Microsoft Intune and System Center Configuration Manager (version 1606 or later) helps you create and deploy your enterprise data protection (EDP) policy, including letting you choose your protected apps, your EDP-protection level, and how to find enterprise data on the network.
ms.assetid: d2059e74-94bd-4e54-ab59-1a7b9b52bdc6
ms.prod: w10
ms.mktglfcycl: explore
@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@ author: eross-msft
[Some information relates to pre-released product, which may be substantially modified before it's commercially released. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, with respect to the information provided here.]
-Microsoft Intune and System Center Configuration Manager (version 1511 or later) helps you create and deploy your enterprise data protection (EDP) policy, including letting you choose your protected apps, your EDP-protection level, and how to find enterprise data on the network.
+Microsoft Intune and System Center Configuration Manager (version 1606 or later) helps you create and deploy your enterprise data protection (EDP) policy, including letting you choose your protected apps, your EDP-protection level, and how to find enterprise data on the network.
## In this section
|Topic |Description |
|------|------------|
|[Create an enterprise data protection (EDP) policy using Microsoft Intune](create-edp-policy-using-intune.md) |Intune helps you create and deploy your EDP policy, including letting you choose your protected apps, your EDP-protection level, and how to find enterprise data on the network. |
-|[Create and deploy an enterprise data protection (EDP) policy using System Center Configuration Manager](create-edp-policy-using-sccm.md) |Configuration Manager (version 1511 or later) helps you create and deploy your EDP policy, including letting you choose your protected apps, your EDP-protection level, and how to find enterprise data on the network. |
+|[Create and deploy an enterprise data protection (EDP) policy using System Center Configuration Manager](create-edp-policy-using-sccm.md) |Configuration Manager (version 1606 or later) helps you create and deploy your EDP policy, including letting you choose your protected apps, your EDP-protection level, and how to find enterprise data on the network. |
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/security-identifiers.md b/windows/keep-secure/security-identifiers.md
index 76c632236f..72f2b8e95b 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/security-identifiers.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/security-identifiers.md
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ SIDs always remain unique. Security authorities never issue the same SID twice,
## Security identifier architecture
-A security identifier is a data structure in binary format that contains a variable number of values. The first values in the structure contain information about the SID structure. The remaining values are arranged in a hierarchy (similar to a telephone number), and they identify the SID-issuing authority (for example, the Windows Server 2012 operating system), the SID-issuing domain, and a particular security principal or group. The following image illustrates the structure of a SID.
+A security identifier is a data structure in binary format that contains a variable number of values. The first values in the structure contain information about the SID structure. The remaining values are arranged in a hierarchy (similar to a telephone number), and they identify the SID-issuing authority (for example, “NT Authority”), the SID-issuing domain, and a particular security principal or group. The following image illustrates the structure of a SID.
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/security-principals.md b/windows/keep-secure/security-principals.md
index c91126837d..8bf4f7abd7 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/security-principals.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/security-principals.md
@@ -138,10 +138,6 @@ For descriptions and settings information about the domain security groups that
For descriptions and settings information about the Special Identities group, see [Special Identities](special-identities.md).
-
-
-
-
-
-
+## See also
+- [Access Control Overview](access-control.md)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/service-accounts.md b/windows/keep-secure/service-accounts.md
index 3996bebaf3..e326562c98 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/service-accounts.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/service-accounts.md
@@ -102,55 +102,8 @@ Virtual accounts apply to the Windows operating systems that are designated in t
The following table provides links to additional resources that are related to standalone managed service accounts, group managed service accounts, and virtual accounts.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-Product evaluation |
-[What's New for Managed Service Accounts](https://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh831451(v=ws.11).aspx)
-[Managed Service Accounts Documentation for Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2](http://technet.microsoft.com/library/ff641731.aspx)
-[Service Accounts Step-by-Step Guide](http://technet.microsoft.com/library/dd548356.aspx)
-[Getting Started with Group Managed Service Accounts](https://technet.microsoft.com/library/jj128431(v=ws.11).aspx) |
-
-
-Deployment |
-[Windows Server 2012: Group Managed Service Accounts - Ask Premier Field Engineering (PFE) Platforms - Site Home - TechNet Blogs](http://blogs.technet.com/b/askpfeplat/archive/2012/12/17/windows-server-2012-group-managed-service-accounts.aspx) |
-
-
-Operations |
-[Managed Service Accounts in Active Directory](http://technet.microsoft.com/library/dd378925.aspx) |
-
-
-Tools and settings |
-[Managed Service Accounts in Active Directory Domain Services](http://technet.microsoft.com/library/dd378925.aspx) |
-
-
-Community resources |
-[Managed Service Accounts: Understanding, Implementing, Best Practices, and Troubleshooting](http://blogs.technet.com/b/askds/archive/2009/09/10/managed-service-accounts-understanding-implementing-best-practices-and-troubleshooting.aspx) |
-
-
-Related technologies |
-[Security Principals Technical Overview](security-principals.md)
-[What's new in Active Directory Domain Services](https://technet.microsoft.com/library/mt163897.aspx) |
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+| Content type | References |
+|---------------|-------------|
+| **Product evaluation** | [What's New for Managed Service Accounts](https://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh831451(v=ws.11).aspx)
[Getting Started with Group Managed Service Accounts](https://technet.microsoft.com/library/jj128431(v=ws.11).aspx) |
+| **Deployment** | [Windows Server 2012: Group Managed Service Accounts - Ask Premier Field Engineering (PFE) Platforms - Site Home - TechNet Blogs](http://blogs.technet.com/b/askpfeplat/archive/2012/12/17/windows-server-2012-group-managed-service-accounts.aspx) |
+| **Related technologies** | [Security Principals](security-principals.md)
[What's new in Active Directory Domain Services](https://technet.microsoft.com/library/mt163897.aspx) |
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/special-identities.md b/windows/keep-secure/special-identities.md
index 69c4ad8674..2e3aa71e3e 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/special-identities.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/special-identities.md
@@ -1002,21 +1002,10 @@ Any user accessing the system through Terminal Services has the Terminal Server
-
-
## See also
+- [Active Directory Security Groups](active-directory-security-groups.md)
-[Active Directory Security Groups](active-directory-security-groups.md)
-
-
-[Security Principals Technical Overview](security-principals.md)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+- [Security Principals](security-principals.md)
+- [Access Control Overview](access-control.md)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/windows/keep-secure/windows-security-baselines.md b/windows/keep-secure/windows-security-baselines.md
index b6fb29abb1..770c21fa50 100644
--- a/windows/keep-secure/windows-security-baselines.md
+++ b/windows/keep-secure/windows-security-baselines.md
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ customers.
Security baselines are an essential benefit to customers because they bring together expert knowlege from Microsoft, partners, and customers.
-For example, there are over 3,000 Group Policy settings for Windows 10, which does not include over 1,800 Internet Explorer 11 settings. Of those 3,800 settings, only some of them are security-related. While Microsoft provides extensive guidance on different security features, going through each of them can take a long time. You would have to determine the security impact of each setting on your own. After you've done that, you still need to determine what values each of these settings should be.
+For example, there are over 3,000 Group Policy settings for Windows 10, which does not include over 1,800 Internet Explorer 11 settings. Of those 4,800 settings, only some of them are security-related. While Microsoft provides extensive guidance on different security features, going through each of them can take a long time. You would have to determine the security impact of each setting on your own. After you've done that, you still need to determine what values each of these settings should be.
In modern organizations, the security threat landscape is constantly evolving. IT pros and policy makers must keep current with security threats and changes to Windows security settings to help mitigate these threats.
diff --git a/windows/manage/app-inventory-managemement-windows-store-for-business.md b/windows/manage/app-inventory-managemement-windows-store-for-business.md
index d58572c900..ca7d24b2a2 100644
--- a/windows/manage/app-inventory-managemement-windows-store-for-business.md
+++ b/windows/manage/app-inventory-managemement-windows-store-for-business.md
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ The **Inventory** page in Windows Store for Business shows all apps in your inve
All of these apps are treated the same once they are in your inventory and you can perform app lifecycle tasks for them: distribute apps, add apps to private store, review license details, and reclaim app licenses.
-
+
Store for Business shows this info for each app in your inventory:
@@ -168,13 +168,13 @@ For each app in your inventory, you can view and manage license details. This gi
2. Click **Manage**, and then choose **Inventory**.
-3. Click the ellipses for and app, and then choose **View license details**.
+3. Click the ellipses for an app, and then choose **View license details**.
- 
+ 
You'll see the names of people in your organization who have installed the app and are using one of the licenses.
- 
+ 
On **Assigned licenses**, you can do several things:
@@ -190,9 +190,9 @@ For each app in your inventory, you can view and manage license details. This gi
**To assign an app to more people**
- - Click Assign to people, type the email address for the employee that you're assigning the app to, and click **Assign**.
+ - Click **Assign to people**, type the email address for the employee that you're assigning the app to, and click **Assign**.
- 
+ 
Store for Business updates the list of assigned licenses.
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ For each app in your inventory, you can view and manage license details. This gi
- Choose the person you want to reclaim the license from, click **Reclaim licenses**, and then click **Reclaim licenses**.
- 
+ 
Store for Business updates the list of assigned licenses.
diff --git a/windows/manage/distribute-apps-from-your-private-store.md b/windows/manage/distribute-apps-from-your-private-store.md
index c81973c29f..500ff0c7b4 100644
--- a/windows/manage/distribute-apps-from-your-private-store.md
+++ b/windows/manage/distribute-apps-from-your-private-store.md
@@ -23,29 +23,29 @@ You can make an app available in your private store when you acquire the app, or
**To acquire an app and make it available in your private store**
-1. Sign in to the Store for Business.
+1. Sign in to the [Store for Business](https://businessstore.microsoft.com).
2. Click an app and then click **Get the app** to acquire the app for your organization.
3. You'll have a few options for distributing the app -- choose **Add to your private store where all people in your organization can find and install it.**
- 
+ 
It will take approximately twelve hours before the app is available in the private store.
**To make an app in inventory available in your private store**
-1. Sign in to the Store for Business.
+1. Sign in to the [Store for Business](https://businessstore.microsoft.com).
2. Click **Manage**, and then choose **Inventory**.
- 
+ 
3. Click **Refine**, and then choose **Online**. Store for Business will update the list of apps on the **Inventory** page.
4. From an app in **Inventory**, click the ellipses under **Action**, and then choose **Add to private store**.
- 
+ 
The value under **Private store** for the app will change to pending. It will take approximately twelve hours before the app is available in the private store.
diff --git a/windows/manage/distribute-apps-with-management-tool.md b/windows/manage/distribute-apps-with-management-tool.md
index 484fa6b93b..102b4d6d01 100644
--- a/windows/manage/distribute-apps-with-management-tool.md
+++ b/windows/manage/distribute-apps-with-management-tool.md
@@ -48,14 +48,14 @@ If your vendor doesn’t support the ability to synchronize applications from th
This diagram shows how you can use a management tool to distribute offline-licensed app to employees in your organization. Once synchronized from Store for Business, management tools can use the Windows Management framework to distribute applications to devices.
-
+
## Distribute online-licensed apps
This diagram shows how you can use a management tool to distribute an online-licensed app to employees in your organization. Once synchronized from Store for Business, management tools use the Windows Management framework to distribute applications to devices. For Online licensed applications, the management tool calls back in to Store for Business management services to assign an application prior to issuing the policy to install the application.
-
+
## Related topics
diff --git a/windows/manage/manage-access-to-private-store.md b/windows/manage/manage-access-to-private-store.md
index 47ddaea3ef..8e2f813d33 100644
--- a/windows/manage/manage-access-to-private-store.md
+++ b/windows/manage/manage-access-to-private-store.md
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Organizations might want control the set of apps that are available to their emp
The private store is a feature in Store for Business that organizations receive during the sign up process. When admins add apps to the private store, all employees in the organization can view and download the apps. Your private store is available as a tab in the Windows Store, and is usually named for your company or organization. Only apps with online licenses can be added to the private store. Your private store looks something like this:
-
+
Organizations using an MDM to manage apps can use a policy to show only the private store. When your MDM supports the Store for Business, the MDM can use the [Policy CSP](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/hardware/dn904962.aspx#group-policy-table). More specifically, the **ApplicationManagement/RequirePrivateStoreOnly** policy.
diff --git a/windows/manage/manage-connections-from-windows-operating-system-components-to-microsoft-services.md b/windows/manage/manage-connections-from-windows-operating-system-components-to-microsoft-services.md
index f3194a4699..4c01926131 100644
--- a/windows/manage/manage-connections-from-windows-operating-system-components-to-microsoft-services.md
+++ b/windows/manage/manage-connections-from-windows-operating-system-components-to-microsoft-services.md
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ You can prevent Windows from setting the time automatically.
-or-
-- Create a REG\_SZ registry setting in **HKEY\_LOCAL\_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\W32Time\\Parameters** with a value of **NoSync**.
+- Create a REG\_SZ registry setting in **HKEY\_LOCAL\_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\W32Time\\Parameters\\Type** with a value of **NoSync**.
### 3. Device metadata retrieval
diff --git a/windows/manage/manage-private-store-settings.md b/windows/manage/manage-private-store-settings.md
index 1eb1190a30..6132f1e513 100644
--- a/windows/manage/manage-private-store-settings.md
+++ b/windows/manage/manage-private-store-settings.md
@@ -19,9 +19,9 @@ author: TrudyHa
The private store is a feature in the Windows Store for Business that organizations receive during the sign up process. When admins add apps to the private store, all employees in the organization can view and download the apps. Only online-licensed apps can be distributed from your private store.
-The name of your private store is shown on a tab in the Windows Store.
+The name of your private store is shown on a tab in the Windows Store app.
-
+
You can change the name of your private store in Store for Business.
@@ -33,13 +33,13 @@ You can change the name of your private store in Store for Business.
You'll see your private store name.
- 
+ 
3. Click **Change**.
4. Type a new display name for your private store, and click **Save**.
- 
+ 
diff --git a/windows/manage/roles-and-permissions-windows-store-for-business.md b/windows/manage/roles-and-permissions-windows-store-for-business.md
index 4fbfcc521e..92d9f7e5e8 100644
--- a/windows/manage/roles-and-permissions-windows-store-for-business.md
+++ b/windows/manage/roles-and-permissions-windows-store-for-business.md
@@ -204,11 +204,11 @@ These permissions allow people to:
2. Click **Settings**, and then choose **Permissions**.
- 
+ 
3. Click **Add people**, type a name, choose the role you want to assign, and click **Save** .
- 
+ 
4.
diff --git a/windows/manage/sign-up-windows-store-for-business.md b/windows/manage/sign-up-windows-store-for-business.md
index 89ca4e135b..643d42eddf 100644
--- a/windows/manage/sign-up-windows-store-for-business.md
+++ b/windows/manage/sign-up-windows-store-for-business.md
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Before signing up for the Store for Business, make sure you're the global admini
- If you already have an Azure AD directory, you'll [sign in to Store for Business](#sign-in), and then accept Store for Business terms.
- 
+ 
**To sign up for Azure AD accounts through Office 365 for Business**
@@ -44,43 +44,43 @@ Before signing up for the Store for Business, make sure you're the global admini
Type the required info and click **Next.**
- 
+ 
- Step 2: Create an ID.
We'll use info you provided on the previous page to build your user ID. Check the info and click **Next**.
- 
+ 
- Step 3: You're in.
Let us know how you'd like to receive a verification code, and click either **Text me**, or **Call me**. We'll send you a verification code
- 
+ 
- Verification.
Type your verification code and click **Create my account**.
- 
+ 
- Save this info.
Be sure to save the portal sign-in page and your user ID info. Click **You're ready to go**.
- 
+ 
- At this point, you'll have an Azure AD directory created with one user account. That user account is the global administrator. You can use that account to sign in to Store for Business.
2. Sign in with your Azure AD account.
- 
+ 
3. Read through and accept Store for Business terms.
4. Welcome to the Store for Business. Click **Next** to continue.
- 
+ 
### Next steps
diff --git a/windows/whats-new/edp-whats-new-overview.md b/windows/whats-new/edp-whats-new-overview.md
index cc29c76faa..4b157c50e8 100644
--- a/windows/whats-new/edp-whats-new-overview.md
+++ b/windows/whats-new/edp-whats-new-overview.md
@@ -16,76 +16,61 @@ author: eross-msft
- Windows 10 Insider Preview
- Windows 10 Mobile Preview
-[Some information relates to pre-released product which may be substantially modified before it's commercially released. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, with respect to the information provided here. An app that calls an API introduced in Windows 10 Anniversary SDK Preview Build 14295 cannot be ingested into the Windows Store during the Preview period.]
+[Some information relates to pre-released product, which may be substantially modified before it's commercially released. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, with respect to the information provided here.]
-With the increase of employee-owned devices in the enterprise, there’s also an increasing risk of accidental data disclosure through apps and services that are outside of the enterprise’s control like email, social media, and the public cloud.
+With the increase of employee-owned devices in the enterprise, there’s also an increasing risk of accidental data leak through apps and services, like email, social media, and the public cloud, which are outside of the enterprise’s control. For example, when an employee sends the latest engineering pictures from their personal email account, copies and pastes product info into a tweet, or saves an in-progress sales report to their public cloud storage.
-Many of the existing solutions try to address this issue by requiring employees to switch between personal and work containers and apps, which can lead to a less than optimal user experience. The feature code-named enterprise data protection (EDP) offers a better user experience, while helping to better separate and protect enterprise apps and data against disclosure risks across both company and personal devices, without requiring changes in environments or apps. Additionally, EDP when used with Rights Management Services (RMS), can help to protect your enterprise data locally, persisting the protection even when your data roams or is shared.
+Enterprise data protection (EDP) helps to protect against this potential data leakage without otherwise interfering with the employee experience. EDP also helps to protect enterprise apps and data against accidental data leak on enterprise-owned devices and personal devices that employees bring to work without requiring changes to your environment or other apps.
## Benefits of EDP
EDP provides:
-- Additional protection against enterprise data leakage, with minimal impact on employees’ regular work practices.
-- Obvious separation between personal and corporate data, without requiring employees to switch environments or apps.
-- Additional data protection for existing line-of-business apps without a need to update the apps.
-- Ability to wipe corporate data from devices while leaving personal data alone.
-- Use of audit reports for tracking issues and remedial actions.
-- Integration with your existing management system (Microsoft Intune, System Center Configuration Manager (version 1511 or later)’, or your current mobile device management (MDM) system) to configure, deploy, and manage EDP for your company.
-- Additional protection for your data (through RMS integration) while roaming and sharing, like when you share encrypted content through Outlook or move encrypted files to USB keys.
-- Ability to manage Office universal apps on Windows 10 devices using an MDM solution to help protect corporate data. To manage Office mobile apps for Android and iOS devices, see technical resources [here]( http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkId=526490).
+- Obvious separation between personal and corporate data, without requiring employees to switch environments or apps.
+
+- Additional data protection for existing line-of-business apps without a need to update the apps.
+
+- Ability to wipe corporate data from devices while leaving personal data alone.
+
+- Use of audit reports for tracking issues and remedial actions.
+
+- Integration with your existing management system (Microsoft Intune, System Center Configuration Manager (version 1511 or later), or your current mobile device management (MDM) system) to configure, deploy, and manage EDP for your company.
## Enterprise scenarios
-
EDP currently addresses these enterprise scenarios:
-- You can encrypt enterprise data on employee-owned and corporate-owned devices.
-- You can remotely wipe enterprise data off managed computers, including employee-owned computers, without affecting the personal data.
-- You can select specific apps that can access enterprise data, called "protected apps" that are clearly recognizable to employees. You can also block non-protected apps from accessing enterprise data.
-- Your employees won't have their work otherwise interrupted while switching between personal and enterprise apps while the enterprise policies are in place. Switching environments or signing in multiple times isn’t required.
+- You can encrypt enterprise data on employee-owned and corporate-owned devices.
-### Enterprise data security
+- You can remotely wipe enterprise data off managed computers, including employee-owned computers, without affecting the personal data.
-As an enterprise admin, you need to maintain the security and confidentiality of your corporate data. Using EDP you can help ensure that your corporate data is protected on your employee-owned computers, even when the employee isn’t actively using it. In this case, when the employee initially creates the content on a managed device he’s asked whether it’s a work document. If it's a work document, it becomes locally-protected as enterprise data.
+- You can select specific apps that can access enterprise data, called "allowed apps" that are clearly recognizable to employees. You can also block non-protected apps from accessing enterprise data.
-### Persistent data encryption
+- Your employees won't have their work otherwise interrupted while switching between personal and enterprise apps while the enterprise policies are in place. Switching environments or signing in multiple times isn’t required.
-EDP helps keep your enterprise data protected, even when it roams. Apps like Office and OneNote work with EDP to persist your data encryption across locations and services. For example, if an employee opens EDP-encrypted content from Outlook, edits it, and then tries to save the edited version with a different name to remove the encryption, it won’t work. Outlook automatically applies EDP to the new document, keeping the data encryption in place.
+## Why use EDP?
+EDP gives you a new way to manage data policy enforcement for apps and documents, along with the ability to remove access to enterprise data from both enterprise and personal devices (after enrollment in an enterprise management solution, like Intune).
-### Remotely wiping devices of enterprise data
-EDP also offers the ability to remotely wipe your corporate data from all devices managed by you and used by an employee, while leaving personal data alone. This is a benefit when an employee leaves your company, or in the case of a stolen computer.
-In this case, documents are stored locally, and encrypted with an enterprise identity. When you verify that you have to wipe the device, you can send a remote wipe command through your mobile device management system so when the device connects to the network, the encryption keys are revoked and the enterprise data is removed. This action only affects devices that have been targeted by the command. All other devices will continue to work normally.
+- **Change the way you think about data policy enforcement.** As an enterprise admin, you need to maintain compliance in your data policy and data access. EDP helps make sure that your enterprise data is protected on both corporate and employee-owned devices, even when the employee isn’t using the device. When employees create content on an enterprise-protected device, they can choose to save it as a work document. If it's a work document, it becomes locally-maintained as enterprise data.
-### Protected apps and restrictions
+- **Manage your enterprise documents, apps, and encryption modes.**
-Using EDP you can control the set of apps that are made "protected apps", or apps that can access and use your enterprise data. After you add an app to your **Protected App** list, it’s trusted to use enterprise data. All apps not on this list are treated as personal and are potentially blocked from accessing your corporate data, depending on your EDP protection-mode.
-As a note, your existing line-of-business apps don’t have to change to be included as protected apps. You simply have to include them in your list.
+ - **Copying or downloading enterprise data.** When an employee or an app downloads content from a location like SharePoint, a network share, or an enterprise web location, while using an EDP-protected device, EDP encrypts the data on the device.
-### Great employee experiences
+ - **Using allowed apps.** Managed apps (apps that you've included on the allowed apps list in your EDP policy) are allowed to access your enterprise data and will interact differently when used with unallowed, non-enterprise aware, or personal-only apps. For example, if EDP management is set to **Block**, your employees can copy and paste from one protected app to another protected app, but not to personal apps. Imagine an HR person wants to copy a job description from a protected app to the internal career website, an enterprise-protected location, but goofs and tries to paste into a personal app instead. The paste action fails and a notification pops up, saying that the app couldn’t paste because of a policy restriction. The HR person then correctly pastes to the career website without a problem.
-EDP can offer a great user experience by not requiring employees to switch between apps to protect corporate data. For example, while checking work emails in Microsoft Outlook, an employee gets a personal message. Instead of having to leave Outlook, both the work and personal messages appear on the screen, side-by-side.
+ - **Managed apps and restrictions.** With EDP you can control which apps can access and use your enterprise data. After adding an app to your protected apps list, the app is trusted with enterprise data. All apps not on this list are blocked from accessing your enterprise data, depending on your EDP management-mode.
+
+ You don’t have to modify line-of-business apps that never touch personal data to list them as protected apps; just include them in your protected apps list.
-#### Using protected apps
+ - **Deciding your level of data access.** EDP lets you block, allow overrides, or audit employees' data sharing actions. Blocking the action stops it immediately. Allowing overrides let the employee know there's a risk, but lets him or her continue to share the data while recording and auditing the action. Silent just logs the action without blocking anything that the employee could've overridden while using that setting; collecting info that can help you to see patterns of inappropriate sharing so you can take educative action or find apps that should be added to your protected apps list.
-Protected apps are allowed to access your enterprise data and will react differently with other non-protected or personal apps. For example, if your EDP-protection mode is set to block, your protected apps will let the employee copy and paste information between other protected apps, but not with personal apps. Imagine an HR person wants to copy a job description from a protected app to an internal career website, an enterprise-protected location, but goofs and tries to paste into a personal app instead. The paste action fails and a notification pops up, saying that it couldn’t paste because of a policy restriction. The HR person then correctly pastes to the career website and it works without a problem.
+ - **Data encryption at rest.** EDP helps protect enterprise data on local files and on removable media.
+
+ Apps such as Microsoft Word work with EDP to help continue your data protection across local files and removable media. These apps are being referred to as, enterprise aware. For example, if an employee opens EDP-encrypted content from Word, edits the content, and then tries to save the edited version with a different name, Word automatically applies EDP to the new document.
-#### Copying or downloading enterprise data
+ - **Helping prevent accidental data disclosure to public spaces.** EDP helps protect your enterprise data from being accidentally shared to public spaces, such as public cloud storage. For example, if Dropbox™ isn’t on your protected apps list, employees won’t be able to sync encrypted files to their personal cloud storage. Instead, if the employee stores the content to an app on your protected apps list, like Microsoft OneDrive for Business, the encrypted files can sync freely to the business cloud, while maintaining the encryption locally.
-Downloading content from a location like SharePoint or a network file share, or an enterprise web location, such as Office365.com automatically determines that the content is enterprise data and is encrypted as such, while it’s stored locally. The same applies to copying enterprise data to something like a USB drive. Because the content is already marked as enterprise data locally, the encryption is persisted on the new device.
+ - **Helping prevent accidental data disclosure to removable media.** EDP helps prevent enterprise data from leaking when it's copied or transferred to removable media. For example, if an employee puts enterprise data on a Universal Serial Bus (USB) drive that also has personal data, the enterprise data remains encrypted while the personal data doesn’t.
-#### Changing the EDP protection
-
-Employees can change enterprise data protected documents back to personal if the document is wrongly marked as enterprise. However, this requires the employee to take an action and is audited and logged for you to review
-
-### Deciding your level of data access
-
-EDP lets you decide to block, allow overrides, or silently audit your employee's data sharing actions. Blocking the action stops it immediately, while allowing overrides let the employee know there's a problem, but lets the employee continue to share the info, and silent just logs the action without stopping it, letting you start to see patterns of inappropriate sharing so you can take educative action.
-
-### Helping prevent accidental data disclosure to public spaces
-
-EDP helps protect your enterprise data from being shared to public spaces, like the public cloud, accidentally. For example, if an employee stores content in the **Documents** folder, which is automatically synched with OneDrive (an app on your Protected Apps list), then the document is encrypted locally and not synched it to the user’s personal cloud. Likewise, if other synching apps, like Dropbox™, aren’t on the Protected Apps list, they also won’t be able to sync encrypted files to the user’s personal cloud.
-
-### Helping prevent accidental data disclosure to other devices
-
-EDP helps protect your enterprise data from leaking to other devices while transferring or moving between them. For example, if an employee puts corporate data on a USB key that also includes personal data, the corporate data remains encrypted even though the personal information remains open. Additionally, the encryption continues when the employee copies the encrypted content back to another corporate-managed device.
+ - **Remove access to enterprise data from enterprise-protected devices.** EDP gives admins the ability to revoke enterprise data from one or many MDM-enrolled devices, while leaving personal data alone. This is a benefit when an employee leaves your company, or in the case of a stolen device. After determining that the data access needs to be removed, you can unenroll the device so when it connects to the network, the user's encryption key for the device is revoked and the enterprise data becomes unreadable.
## Turn off EDP
|