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@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ ms.date: 03/10/2020
ms.technology: mde
---
# Authorize reputable apps with the Intelligent Security Graph (ISG)
# Authorize reputable apps with the Intelligent Security Graph (ISG)
**Applies to:**
@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ Application execution control can be difficult to implement in enterprises that
Windows 10, version 1709 (also known as the Windows 10 Fall Creators Update) provides a new option, known as the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph authorization, that allows IT administrators to automatically authorize applications that the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph recognizes as having known good reputation. The Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph option helps IT organizations take a significant first step towards going from having no application control at all to a simple means of preventing the execution of unknown and known bad software. To learn more about the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph, see the Security section in [Major services and features in Microsoft Graph](/graph/overview-major-services).
## How does the integration between WDAC and the Intelligent Security Graph work?
## How does the integration between WDAC and the Intelligent Security Graph work?
The Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph relies on the same vast security intelligence and machine learning analytics which power Microsoft Defender SmartScreen and Microsoft Defender Antivirus to help classify applications as having known good, known bad, or unknown reputation. When an unevaluated file is run on a system with WDAC enabled with the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph authorization option specified, WDAC queries the file's reputation by sending its hash and signing information to the cloud. If the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph determines that the file has a known good reputation, the $KERNEL.SMARTLOCKER.ORIGINCLAIM kernel Extended Attribute (EA) is written to the file. Every time the file tries to execute, if there are no explicit deny rules present for the file, it will be allowed to run based on its positive reputation. Conversely, a file that has unknown or known bad reputation will still be allowed to run in the presence of a rule that explicitly allows the file.
@ -40,18 +40,18 @@ WDAC periodically re-queries the reputation data on a file. Additionally, enterp
>[!NOTE]
>Admins should make sure there is a WDAC policy in place to allow the system to boot and run any other authorized applications that may not be classified as being known good by the Intelligent Security Graph, such as custom line-of-business (LOB) apps. Since the Intelligent Security Graph is powered by global prevalence data, internal LOB apps may not be recognized as being known good. Other mechanisms like managed installer and explicit rules will help cover internal applications. Both Microsoft Endpoint Manager Configuration Manager (MEMCM) and Microsoft Endpoint Manager Intune (MEM Intune) can be used to create and push a WDAC policy to your client machines.
Other examples of WDAC policies are available in `C:\Windows\schemas\CodeIntegrity\ExamplePolicies` and can help authorize Windows OS components, WHQL signed drivers and all Store apps. Admins can reference and customize them as needed for their Windows Defender Application Control deployment or [create a custom WDAC policy](./create-initial-default-policy.md).
Other examples of WDAC policies are available in `C:\Windows\schemas\CodeIntegrity\ExamplePolicies` and can help authorize Windows OS components, WHQL signed drivers and all Store apps. Admins can reference and customize them as needed for their Windows Defender Application Control deployment or [create a custom WDAC policy](./create-initial-default-policy.md).
## Configuring Intelligent Security Graph authorization for Windows Defender Application Control
## Configuring Intelligent Security Graph authorization for Windows Defender Application Control
Setting up the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph authorization is easy regardless of what management solution you use. Configuring the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph option involves these basic steps:
Setting up the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph authorization is easy regardless of what management solution you use. Configuring the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph option involves these basic steps:
- [Ensure that the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph option is enabled in the WDAC policy XML](#ensure-that-the-intelligent-security-graph-option-is-enabled-in-the-wdac-policy-xml)
- [Enable the necessary services to allow WDAC to use the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph correctly on the client](#enable-the-necessary-services-to-allow-wdac-to-use-the-isg-correctly-on-the-client)
- [Ensure that the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph option is enabled in the WDAC policy XML](#ensure-that-the-intelligent-security-graph-option-is-enabled-in-the-wdac-policy-xml)
- [Enable the necessary services to allow WDAC to use the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph correctly on the client](#enable-the-necessary-services-to-allow-wdac-to-use-the-isg-correctly-on-the-client)
### Ensure that the Intelligent Security Graph option is enabled in the WDAC policy XML
### Ensure that the Intelligent Security Graph option is enabled in the WDAC policy XML
In order to enable trust for executables based on classifications in the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph, the **Enabled:Intelligent Security Graph authorization** option must be specified in the WDAC policy. This can be done with the Set-RuleOption cmdlet. In addition, it is recommended from a security perspective to also enable the **Enabled:Invalidate EAs on Reboot** option to invalidate the cached Intelligent Security Graph results on reboot to force rechecking of applications against the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph. Caution is advised if devices will regularly transition to and from environments that may not be able to access the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph. The following example shows both options being set.
In order to enable trust for executables based on classifications in the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph, the **Enabled:Intelligent Security Graph authorization** option must be specified in the WDAC policy. This can be done with the Set-RuleOption cmdlet. In addition, it is recommended from a security perspective to also enable the **Enabled:Invalidate EAs on Reboot** option to invalidate the cached Intelligent Security Graph results on reboot to force rechecking of applications against the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph. Caution is advised if devices will regularly transition to and from environments that may not be able to access the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph. The following example shows both options being set.
```code
<Rules>
@ -87,11 +87,11 @@ In order for the heuristics used by the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph to
appidtel start
```
This step is not required for WDAC policies deployed over MDM using the AppLocker CSP, as the CSP will enable the necessary components. This step is also not required when enabling the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph through the MEMCM WDAC UX. However, if custom policies are being deployed outside of the WDAC UX through MEMCM, then this step is required.
This step is not required for WDAC policies deployed over MDM using the AppLocker CSP, as the CSP will enable the necessary components. This step is also not required when enabling the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph through the MEMCM WDAC UX. However, if custom policies are being deployed outside of the WDAC UX through MEMCM, then this step is required.
## Security considerations with the Intelligent Security Graph
## Security considerations with the Intelligent Security Graph
Since the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph is a heuristic-based mechanism, it does not provide the same security guarantees that explicit allow or deny rules do. It is best suited for deployment to systems where each user is configured as a standard user and there are other monitoring systems in place like Microsoft Defender for Endpoint to help provide optics into what users are doing.
Since the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph is a heuristic-based mechanism, it does not provide the same security guarantees that explicit allow or deny rules do. It is best suited for deployment to systems where each user is configured as a standard user and there are other monitoring systems in place like Microsoft Defender for Endpoint to help provide optics into what users are doing.
Users with administrator privileges or malware running as an administrator user on the system may be able to circumvent the intent of WDAC when the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph option is allowed by circumventing or corrupting the heuristics used to assign reputation to application executables. The Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph option uses the same heuristic tracking as managed installer and so for application installers that include an option to automatically run the application at the end of the installation process the heuristic may over-authorize.
@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ Modern apps are not supported with the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph heur
The Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph heuristics do not authorize kernel mode drivers. The WDAC policy must have rules that allow the necessary drivers to run.
In some cases, the code integrity logs where WDAC errors and warnings are written will contain error events for native images generated for .NET assemblies. Typically, the error is functionally benign as a blocked native image will result in the corresponding assembly being re-interpreted. Review for functionality and performance for the related applications using the native images maybe necessary in some cases.
In some cases, the code integrity logs where WDAC errors and warnings are written will contain error events for native images generated for .NET assemblies. Typically, the error is functionally benign as a blocked native image will result in the corresponding assembly being re-interpreted. Review for functionality and performance for the related applications using the native images maybe necessary in some cases.
>[!NOTE]
> A rule that explicitly denies or allows a file will take precedence over that file's reputation data. MEM Intune's built-in WDAC support includes the option to trust apps with good reputation via the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph, but it has no option to add explicit allow or deny rules. In most circumstances, customers enforcing application control need to deploy a custom WDAC policy (which can include the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph option if desired) using [Intune's OMA-URI functionality](./deploy-windows-defender-application-control-policies-using-intune.md#using-a-custom-oma-uri-profile).
> A rule that explicitly denies or allows a file will take precedence over that file's reputation data. MEM Intune's built-in WDAC support includes the option to trust apps with good reputation via the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph, but it has no option to add explicit allow or deny rules. In most circumstances, customers enforcing application control need to deploy a custom WDAC policy (which can include the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph option if desired) using [Intune's OMA-URI functionality](./deploy-windows-defender-application-control-policies-using-intune.md#using-a-custom-oma-uri-profile).